What do systematic reviews say?

Gentamicin sponge vs primary closure

Gentamicin sponge showed no clear difference in adverse effects ‐ complication rate at 3 months after surgery compared with primary closure alone (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for hidradenitis suppurativa 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.9 [0.5, 1.62]
  1 study · 200 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table 4: refining rehabilitation: three months of postoperative night splinting with hand therapy vs hand therapy alone

• Surgery for Dupuytren's contracture of the fingers 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 225 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table 4: refining rehabilitation: three months of postoperative night splinting with hand therapy vs hand therapy alone

• Surgery for Dupuytren's contracture of the fingers 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 225 participants
  Low

Alginate dressing followed by hydrocolloid dressing vs hydrocolloid dressing

It is very uncertain whether alginate dressing followed by hydrocolloid dressing changes wound infection compared with hydrocolloid dressing alone (very low certainty).

• Alginate dressings for treating pressure ulcers 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.79 [0.12, 67.1]
  1 study · 110 participants
  Very low

Benefits and harms of CSF plus antibiotics vs antibiotics alone

Benefits and harms of CSF plus antibiotics showed no clear difference in infection‐related mortality compared with antibiotics alone (low certainty).

• Colony‐stimulating factors for chemotherapy‐induced febrile neutropenia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.75 [0.47, 1.2]
  10 studies · 897 participants
  Low

Shengmai plus usual treatment vs usual treatment alone

• Shengmai (a traditional Chinese herbal medicine) for heart failure 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 4 participants
  GRADE not reported

Shengmai plus usual treatment vs usual treatment alone

• Shengmai (a traditional Chinese herbal medicine) for heart failure 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 354 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus Chinese herbs vs Chinese herbs alone

• Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 120 participants
  GRADE not reported

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints plus antiepileptic drugs vs antiepileptic drugs alone

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints plus… may leads to lower frequency of adverse effects ‐ dizziness ( compared with antiepileptic drugs alone (low certainty).

• Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.13, 0.86]
  1 study · 120 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints plus antiepileptic drugs vs antiepileptic drugs alone

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints plus… showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ malaise ( compared with antiepileptic drugs alone (low certainty).

• Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.5 [0.22, 1.15]
  1 study · 120 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints plus antiepileptic drugs vs antiepileptic drugs alone

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints plus… showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ nausea ( compared with antiepileptic drugs alone (low certainty).

• Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.09, 1.17]
  1 study · 120 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints plus antiepileptic drugs vs antiepileptic drugs alone

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints plus… showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ anorexia ( compared with antiepileptic drugs alone (low certainty).

• Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.25 [0.06, 1.13]
  1 study · 120 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate vs valproate

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ dizziness ( compared with valproate alone (low certainty).

• Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.67 [0.12, 3.8]
  1 study · 90 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate vs valproate

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ malaise ( compared with valproate alone (low certainty).

• Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.83 [0.27, 2.54]
  1 study · 90 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate vs valproate

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ nausea ( compared with valproate alone (low certainty).

• Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.6 [0.15, 2.36]
  1 study · 90 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate vs valproate

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ sleepiness ( compared with valproate alone (low certainty).

• Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.71 [0.24, 2.08]
  1 study · 90 participants
  Low

Horticultural therapy plus standard care vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Horticultural therapy for schizophrenia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Imiquimod 5% cream with tazarotene 0.1% gel vs Imiquimod 5% cream alone

Imiquimod 5% cream with tazarotene 0.1% gel showed no clear difference in secondary outcome: Discontinuation of treatment because of harms… compared with imiquimod 5% cream alone (low certainty).

• Interventions for melanoma in situ, including lentigo maligna 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 6.27 [0.79, 50.02]
  1 study · 90 participants
  Low

Transbuccal miniplate combined with intraoral approach vs Intraoral approach alone

Transbuccal miniplate combined with intraoral approach showed no clear difference in post-operative infection (persistent) compared with intraoral approach alone; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for the management of mandibular fractures 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 months · Angle of mandible only
  RR 0.47 [0.20, 1.09]
  1 study · 138 participants
  GRADE not reported

Summary of findings: multimedia education and a co‐intervention vs co‐intervention alone

• Multimedia educational interventions for consumers about prescribed and over‐the‐counter medications 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 381 participants
  Moderate