BASDAI Scale from 0 to 100 (higher is worse) · patients with axSpA (AS and nr‐axSpA)
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
190 participants
Moderate
BASFI Scale from 0 to 100 (higher is worse) · patients with axSpA (AS and nr‐axSpA)
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
356 participants
High
BASMI Scale from 0 to 10 (higher is worse) · patients with axSpA (AS and nr‐axSpA)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Radiographic progression · patients with axSpA (AS and nr‐axSpA)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Number of serious adverse events · patients with axSpA (AS and nr‐axSpA)
Traditional NSAIDs showed no clear difference in number of serious adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 1.69 [0.36, 7.97]
671 participants
Moderate
Pain (short term) WOMAC scale from 0 to 20 points (higher is worse pain). · patients with axSpA (AS and nr‐axSpA)
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
349 participants
High
Withdrawals due to adverse events · patients with axSpA (AS and nr‐axSpA)
COX‐2 NSAIDs showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 2.14 [0.36, 12.56]
669 participants
Low
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip
Oral or transdermal opioids showed no clear difference in pain intensity Various pain scales. (median compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Function Various validated function scales. · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip
Oral or transdermal opioids showed no clear difference in function Various validated function scales. (median compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events as N of participants with at least one adverse event objective · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip
Oral or transdermal opioids probably leads to higher number of participants experiencing any adverse event (median compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of patients who withdrew because of adverse events · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip
Oral or transdermal opioids leads to higher number of participants who withdrew because of adverse events (median compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of participants experiencing any serious adverse events · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip
Oral or transdermal opioids showed no clear difference in number of participants experiencing any serious adverse event (median compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Withdrawal symptoms · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip
Oral or transdermal opioids probably leads to higher withdrawal symptoms (median compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Back pain · Patients with ankylosing spondylitis
1 finding from 1 review
Disease activity · Patients with ankylosing spondylitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Mean improvement in Bath ankylosing spondylitis function index (BASFI) ‐ not reported · Patients with ankylosing spondylitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Mean improvement in Bath ankylosing spondylitis metrology index (BASMI) ‐ not reported · Patients with ankylosing spondylitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Radiographic progress ‐ not reported · Patients with ankylosing spondylitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Withdrawals due to adverse events · Patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Sulfasalazine probably leads to higher total number of withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events · Patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Sulfasalazine showed no clear difference in serious adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review