Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,271 questions · 1,326 findings · 329 reviews

No studies found 247 · 18.6%GRADE not reported 237 · 17.9%Very low 379 · 28.6%Low 285 · 21.5%Moderate 141 · 10.6%High 37 · 2.8%

Early active flexion plus controlled passive exercise regimen vs controlled passive exercise regimen following surgery

Adverse events: participants incurring one or more adverse events · participants undergoing rehabilitation following surgery for flexor tendon injuries of the handa

It is very uncertain whether early active flexion plus controlled passive exercise regimen changes adverse events: participants incurring one or more adverse events compared with early controlled passive exercise regimen (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cannabinoids vs placebo

Agitated or aggressive behaviours in dementia patients, measured on the Cohen‐Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) Scale (range 29 to 203, with 29 meaning no symptoms, and higher number of points indicating more severe symptoms)Â · diagnosis of dementia (dementia in Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, or mixed dementia; any severity
1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics

Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured after 4 weeks · schoolchildren with CSOM

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotics changes resolution of ear discharge (4 weeks or more) ‐ measured at 3 to 4… compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antiseptics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remote monitoring vs usual care

Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring changes number of people experiencing 1 or more exacerbations compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care

Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring plus usual care changes number of people experiencing 1 or more exacerbations compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care

Adverse events: number of people with 1 or more (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) changes adverse events: number of people with 1 or more (all‐cause) compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention vs usual care

Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · COPD and at least one other long‐term condition

It is very uncertain whether intervention changes exacerbations ‐ number of people experiencing one or more  compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison #3: Decision coaching plus evidence‐based information vs usual care ‐ Summary of findings

Feeling uninformed subscale of Decisional conflict Scale (O'Connor 1995b) measured post‐consultation (Deschamps 2004)

It is very uncertain whether comparison #3: Decision coaching plus evidence‐based information changes feeling uninformed subscale of Decisional Conflict Scale (O'Connor… compared with usual care ‐ Summary of findings (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison #3: Decision coaching plus evidence‐based information vs usual care ‐ Summary of findings

Feeling unsupported

It is very uncertain whether comparison #3: Decision coaching plus evidence‐based information changes feeling unsupported subscale of Decisional Conflict Scale (O'Connor… compared with usual care ‐ Summary of findings (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Any hearing loss defined as 40 dB or more not detected by the better ear during the · children with acute bacterial meningitis

The intervention showed no clear difference in any hearing loss defined as 40 dB or more not detected by the better… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Severe hearing loss defined as a threshold of 60 dB or more in the better ear or requiring bilateral hearing aid during the · children with acute bacterial meningitis

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe hearing loss defined as a threshold of 60 dB or more in the… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transepithelial CXL using iontophoresis vs epithelium‐off CXL

Proportion of participants who gained 10 or more logMAR letters from baseline · participants with progressive keratoconus

It is very uncertain whether transepithelial CXL using iontophoresis changes proportion of participants who gained 10 or more logMAR letters from… compared with epithelium‐off CXL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review