Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,372 questions · 3,874 findings · 666 reviews

No studies found 431 · 11.1%GRADE not reported 783 · 20.2%Very low 995 · 25.7%Low 909 · 23.5%Moderate 596 · 15.4%High 160 · 4.1%

Intervention not reported

No condom use at last vaginal sex (3 months) · middle or high school students with need for contraceptive information

The intervention probably leads to lower no condom use at last vaginal sex (3 months) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Vaginal sex without condom in past 3 months (3 months) · middle or high school students with need for contraceptive information

The intervention probably leads to lower vaginal sex without condom in past 3 months (3 months) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Oral contraceptive use during last sex (17 months) · middle or high school students with need for contraceptive information

The intervention probably leads to lower oral contraceptive use during last sex (17 months) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low socioeconomic status and family financial stress vs Higher socioeconomic status and lower stress

Salivary cortisol, cariogenic bacterial load and dental caries · Kindergarten-age children

In one cross-sectional study of children, low socioeconomic status, higher basal salivary cortisol and higher cariogenic bacterial counts were each independently associated with higher dental caries risk; not pooled (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Low socioeconomic position and adverse behavioural factors vs Higher socioeconomic position and fewer adverse behaviours

Systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein) and periodontal disease progression · General-population adults (German cohort)

In one 5-year longitudinal study, accumulation of low socioeconomic and behavioural factors was associated with greater periodontal disease progression and higher C-reactive protein; not pooled (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine gel (0.12%) vs no treatment

Mutans streptococci prevalence (presence/absence) · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…

It is very uncertain whether chlorhexidine gel (0.12%) changes mutans streptococci prevalence (presence/absence) compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine oral product (one formulation/concentration) vs Another chlorhexidine formulation, concentration or application frequency

Outcome not reported · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed ice held in the mouth during cancer treatment) vs Low-dose leucovorin rinse

Oral mucositis (severe) · Patients with osteosarcoma (bone cancer) receiving high-dose methotrexate, vincristine and leucovorin
1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine varnish vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse events (e.g. ulcers, tooth staining) · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…
1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine mouthrinse vs Placebo or no intervention (including routine care)

Outcome not reported · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine gel (0.12%) vs no treatment

Pain, quality of life, patient satisfaction or costs · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed ice held in the mouth during cancer treatment) vs Low-dose leucovorin rinse

Oral mucositis (any severity) · Patients with osteosarcoma (bone cancer) receiving high-dose methotrexate, vincristine and leucovorin

It is very uncertain whether oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed… changes oral mucositis (any severity) compared with low-dose leucovorin rinse (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed ice held in the mouth during cancer treatment) vs Low-dose leucovorin rinse

Oral mucositis (moderate to severe) · Patients with osteosarcoma (bone cancer) receiving high-dose methotrexate, vincristine and leucovorin

It is very uncertain whether oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed… changes oral mucositis (moderate to severe) compared with low-dose leucovorin rinse (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review