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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
75,239 questions in 5,342 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 20.2%Ungraded 10,323 · 13.7%Very low 17,528 · 23.3%Low 17,951 · 23.9%Moderate 11,190 · 14.9%High 3,034 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
MTX combination vs MTX monotherapy ACR 50 response of non‐MTX DMARDs inadequate responders number of responders · patients with Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate monotherapy versus methotrexate combination therapy with non‐biologic disease modifying… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.68 [0.94, 2.99] | 2 studies · 158 participants | Moderate |
MTX combination vs MTX monotherapy Withdrawal due to lack of efficacy or toxicity of DMARDs naive patients number of withdrawals · patients with Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate monotherapy versus methotrexate combination therapy with non‐biologic disease modifying… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.16 [0.7, 1.93] | 5 studies · 405 participants | Moderate |
MTX combination vs MTX monotherapy Withdrawal due to lack of efficacy or toxicity of MTX inadequate responders number of withdrawals · patients with Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate monotherapy versus methotrexate combination therapy with non‐biologic disease modifying… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.86 [0.49, 1.51] | 3 studies · 476 participants | Moderate |
MTX combination vs MTX monotherapy Withdrawal due to lack of efficacy or toxicity of non‐MTX DMARDs inadequate responders number of withdrawals · patients with Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate monotherapy versus methotrexate combination therapy with non‐biologic disease modifying… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.75 [0.41, 1.35] | 5 studies · 329 participants | Very low |
MTX combination vs MTX monotherapy Withdrawal due to adverse reactions (Pooled across regimens) number of withdrawals · patients with Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate monotherapy versus methotrexate combination therapy with non‐biologic disease modifying… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.59 [1.2, 2.12] | 17 studies · 1624 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Mortality, all‐cause · patients with diarrhoea in children with HIV infection Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.5 [0.31, 0.79] | 3 studies · 267 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Incidence acute diarrhea number of episodes per number of months · patients with HIV exposure (children) Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.92 [0.67, 1.26] | 1 study · 538 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Incidence persistent diarrhea number of episodes per number · patients with HIV exposure (children) Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.86 [0.44, 1.67] | 1 study · 538 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Hospitalisations for diarrhoea number of episodes per number · patients with HIV exposure (children) Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 538 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Severity diarrhoea ‐ not reported · patients with HIV exposure (children) Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Upper Respiratory Tract Infection number of episodes per number of months · patients with HIV exposure (children) Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.85 [0.7, 1.04] | 1 study · 538 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Mortality, all‐cause · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.31 [0.07, 1.42] | 1 study · 96 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Mortality, diarrhea‐specific · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.22 [0.01, 4.4] | 1 study · 96 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Visits for watery diarrhoea number of visits with diagnosis watery diarrhoea/all visits · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.51 [0.34, 0.76] | 1 study · 854 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Pneumonia number of visits with diagnosis pneumonia/all visits · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.75 [0.55, 1.03] | 1 study · 854 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Upper Respiratory Infections number of visits with diagnosis URI/all visits · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.09 [0.92, 1.29] | 1 study · 854 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Mortality, diarrhoea‐specific · patients with diarrhoea in children with HIV infection Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.26 [0.03, 2.26] | 2 studies · 829 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Severe adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Anthropometric outcomes ‐ not reported · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Mortality, all‐cause · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | HR 0.57 [0.43, 0.77] | 1 study · 534 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Mortality, all cause3 · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 872 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Mortality, diarrhoea‐specific hospital deaths due to diarrhoea and/or dehydration · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.51 [0.15, 1.67] | 1 study · 534 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Ever diarrhea history · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.33 [0.98, 1.81] | 1 study · 363 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Adverse events Grade 3 or 4 adverse event · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.9 [0.47, 1.73] | 1 study · 534 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Hospitalisations due to diarrhoea · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.55 [0.86, 2.79] | 1 study · 534 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Respiratory infections hospital admission for pneumonia/empyema · patients with HIV infection or exposure Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.84 [0.57, 1.24] | 1 study · 534 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Hospitalisations for diarrhoea number of episodes per number · patients with diarrhoea in children with HIV infection Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.25 [0.05, 1.15] | 1 study · 194 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Incidence acute diarrhoea different measures by history · patients with diarrhoea in children with HIV infection Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 267 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Incidence persistent diarrhoea · patients with diarrhoea in children with HIV infection Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 209 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Severity diarrhoea by history and or physical exam · patients with diarrhoea in children with HIV infection Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 239 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Respiratory infections history and/or physical exam · patients with diarrhoea in children with HIV infection Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 267 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Mortality, all‐cause · patients with HIV exposure (children) Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 2966 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Mortality, diarrhoea‐specific ‐ not reported · patients with HIV exposure (children) Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
d4T vs AZT Mortality · patients with initial treatment of HIV infection in antiretroviral‐naive individuals Stavudine or zidovudine in three‐drug combination therapy for initial treatment of HIV infection in… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.36 [0.34, 5.42] | 6 studies · 1179 participants | Very low |
d4T vs AZT Clinical progression · patients with initial treatment of HIV infection in antiretroviral‐naive individuals Stavudine or zidovudine in three‐drug combination therapy for initial treatment of HIV infection in… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.78 [0.28, 2.13] | 7 studies · 719 participants | Low |
d4T vs AZT Severe adverse events · patients with initial treatment of HIV infection in antiretroviral‐naive individuals Stavudine or zidovudine in three‐drug combination therapy for initial treatment of HIV infection in… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.17 [0.97, 1.4] | 9 studies · 1363 participants | Low |
d4T vs AZT Virologic response · patients with initial treatment of HIV infection in antiretroviral‐naive individuals Stavudine or zidovudine in three‐drug combination therapy for initial treatment of HIV infection in… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.88, 1.19] | 12 studies · 2157 participants | Low |
d4T vs AZT Adherence/tolerability/retention · patients with initial treatment of HIV infection in antiretroviral‐naive individuals Stavudine or zidovudine in three‐drug combination therapy for initial treatment of HIV infection in… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.94 [0.84, 1.05] | 12 studies · 2157 participants | Low |
d4T vs AZT Immunologic response · patients with initial treatment of HIV infection in antiretroviral‐naive individuals Stavudine or zidovudine in three‐drug combination therapy for initial treatment of HIV infection in… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 10 studies · 1537 participants | Low |
d4T vs AZT Drug resistance · patients with initial treatment of HIV infection in antiretroviral‐naive individuals Stavudine or zidovudine in three‐drug combination therapy for initial treatment of HIV infection in… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.66 [0.25, 1.73] | 1 study · 174 participants | Very low |
TDF vs AZT Serious adverse events · patients with initial ART Tenofovir or zidovudine in three‐drug combination therapy with one nucleoside reverse transcriptase… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.92 [0.6, 1.43] | 2 studies · 586 participants | High |
TDF vs AZT Virologic response · patients with initial ART Tenofovir or zidovudine in three‐drug combination therapy with one nucleoside reverse transcriptase… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 2.04 [0.17, 24.84] | 2 studies · 586 participants | High |
TDF vs AZT Adherence/tolerability/retention · patients with initial ART Tenofovir or zidovudine in three‐drug combination therapy with one nucleoside reverse transcriptase… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.17 [1.06, 1.29] | 2 studies · 586 participants | Moderate |
TDF vs AZT Immunological response · patients with initial ART Tenofovir or zidovudine in three‐drug combination therapy with one nucleoside reverse transcriptase… (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 515 participants | Moderate |
TDF vs AZT Drug resistance · patients with initial ART Tenofovir or zidovudine in three‐drug combination therapy with one nucleoside reverse transcriptase… (2010) · Cochrane | RR 20.43 [1.24, 335.9] | 1 study · 71 participants | Very low |
Hyperfractionated/accelerated split-course radiotherapy vs Accelerated radiotherapy with concomitant boost Locoregional control · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and… Interventions for the treatment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer: radiotherapy (2010) · Cochrane | Fu 1995: no significant difference in locoregional control; data not presented in a way that allows calculation of an HR. | 1 study · 75 participants | Ungraded |
Oral piroxicam (NSAID) vs Placebo Number of participants with severe dysfunction (pain of TMD not improved) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to… · 15 days Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.71 [0.29, 1.76] | 1 study · 41 participants | Ungraded |
Morphine via patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) vs Morphine via continuous infusion (CI) Daily mean opiate intake per hour · People with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy (or both) who have oral mucositis Interventions for treating oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment (2010) · Cochrane | MD -0.65 [-1.20, -0.09] | 3 studies · 113 participants | Ungraded |
Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) vs Placebo No improvement in TMJ pain during mastication · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to… · 8 days, 5 mg prazepam Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.97 [0.61, 1.54] | 1 study · 83 participants | Ungraded |
Hypnosis vs Inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide and oxygen Adverse events · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005) Hypnosis for children undergoing dental treatment (2010) · Cochrane | None of the studies mentioned any adverse effects regarding hypnosis. (Braithwaite 2005.) | 1 study · 10 participants | Ungraded |