Cochrane · systematic review · CD008563
Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection
Humphreys, EH, Smith, NM, Azman, H, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2010 · Cochrane Library
HIV/AIDSAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
28
current version
GRADE rated
24
No studies
4
Included studies
NR
No studies 4 · 14.3%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 5 · 17.9%Low 18 · 64.3%Moderate 1 · 3.6%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Vitamin A in children with HIV infection
Population: patients with diarrhoea in children with HIV infection
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Mortality, all‐cause | RR 0.5 [0.31, 0.79] | 3 studies · 267 participants | Low |
Mortality, diarrhoea‐specific | RR 0.26 [0.03, 2.26] | 2 studies · 829 participants | Very low |
Hospitalisations for diarrhoea number of episodes per number | RR 0.25 [0.05, 1.15] | 1 study · 194 participants | Low |
Incidence acute diarrhoea different measures by history | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 267 participants | Very low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Incidence persistent diarrhoea | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 209 participants | Low |
Severity diarrhoea by history and or physical exam | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 239 participants | Very low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Respiratory infections history and/or physical exam | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 267 participants | Low |
Vitamin A in children with HIV exposure
Population: patients with HIV exposure (children)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Mortality, all‐cause | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 2966 participants | Low |
Mortality, diarrhoea‐specific ‐ not reported | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Incidence acute diarrhea number of episodes per number of months | RR 0.92 [0.67, 1.26] | 1 study · 538 participants | Low |
Incidence persistent diarrhea number of episodes per number | RR 0.86 [0.44, 1.67] | 1 study · 538 participants | Low |
Hospitalisations for diarrhoea number of episodes per number | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 538 participants | Low |
Severity diarrhoea ‐ not reported | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection number of episodes per number of months | RR 0.85 [0.7, 1.04] | 1 study · 538 participants | Low |
Zinc for children with HIV infection or exposure
Population: patients with HIV infection or exposure
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Mortality, all‐cause | RR 0.31 [0.07, 1.42] | 1 study · 96 participants | Low |
Mortality, diarrhea‐specific | RR 0.22 [0.01, 4.4] | 1 study · 96 participants | Low |
Visits for watery diarrhoea number of visits with diagnosis watery diarrhoea/all visits | RR 0.51 [0.34, 0.76] | 1 study · 854 participants | Low |
Pneumonia number of visits with diagnosis pneumonia/all visits | RR 0.75 [0.55, 1.03] | 1 study · 854 participants | Low |
Upper Respiratory Infections number of visits with diagnosis URI/all visits | RR 1.09 [0.92, 1.29] | 1 study · 854 participants | Low |
Severe adverse events ‐ not reported | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Anthropometric outcomes ‐ not reported | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for HIV infection or exposure
Population: patients with HIV infection or exposure
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Mortality, all‐cause | HR 0.57 [0.43, 0.77] | 1 study · 534 participants | Moderate |
Mortality, all cause3 | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 872 participants | Very low |
Mortality, diarrhoea‐specific hospital deaths due to diarrhoea and/or dehydration | RR 0.51 [0.15, 1.67] | 1 study · 534 participants | Low |
Ever diarrhea history | RR 1.33 [0.98, 1.81] | 1 study · 363 participants | Very low |
Adverse events Grade 3 or 4 adverse event | RR 0.9 [0.47, 1.73] | 1 study · 534 participants | Low |
Hospitalisations due to diarrhoea | RR 1.55 [0.86, 2.79] | 1 study · 534 participants | Low |
Respiratory infections hospital admission for pneumonia/empyema | RR 0.84 [0.57, 1.24] | 1 study · 534 participants | Low |