What do systematic reviews say?

Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring vs blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring

Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring showed no clear difference in postoperative stroke ( compared with blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring (low certainty).

• Cerebral near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for perioperative monitoring of brain oxygenation in children and adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.25 [0.03, 2.2]
  2 studies · 240 participants
  Low

Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring vs blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring

Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring showed no clear difference in POD: postoperative delirium ( compared with blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring (low certainty).

• Cerebral near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for perioperative monitoring of brain oxygenation in children and adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.63 [0.27, 1.45]
  1 study · 190 participants
  Low

Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring vs blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring

Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring may leads to lower POCD defined by original studies ‐ mild ( compared with blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring (low certainty).

• Cerebral near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for perioperative monitoring of brain oxygenation in children and adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.53 [0.3, 0.95]
  2 studies · 126 participants
  Low

Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring vs blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring

Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring showed no clear difference in POCD: decline in cognitive function ( compared with blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring (moderate certainty).

• Cerebral near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for perioperative monitoring of brain oxygenation in children and adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.62 [0.37, 1.04]
  6 studies · 962 participants
  Moderate

Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring vs blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring

Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring showed no clear difference in intraoperative mortality or postoperative mortality: Death ( compared with blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring (low certainty).

• Cerebral near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for perioperative monitoring of brain oxygenation in children and adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.63 [0.08, 5.03]
  3 studies · 390 participants
  Low

Active cerebral oxygenation monitoring vs blinded cerebral oxygenation monitoring

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Cerebral near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for perioperative monitoring of brain oxygenation in children and adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Low tidal volume vs high tidal volume

Low tidal volume showed no clear difference in mortality compared with high tidal volume (low certainty).

• Intraoperative use of low volume ventilation to decrease postoperative mortality, mechanical ventilation, lengths of… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.8 [0.42, 1.53]
  12 studies · 1207 participants
  Low

Low tidal volume vs high tidal volume

Low tidal volume probably leads to lower pneumonia compared with high tidal volume (moderate certainty).

• Intraoperative use of low volume ventilation to decrease postoperative mortality, mechanical ventilation, lengths of… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.45 [0.25, 0.82]
  7 studies · 778 participants
  Moderate

Low tidal volume vs high tidal volume

Low tidal volume probably leads to lower need for postoperative non‐invasive ventilatory support compared with high tidal volume (moderate certainty).

• Intraoperative use of low volume ventilation to decrease postoperative mortality, mechanical ventilation, lengths of… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.31 [0.15, 0.64]
  3 studies · 506 participants
  Moderate

Low tidal volume vs high tidal volume

Low tidal volume probably leads to lower need for postoperative invasive ventilatory support compared with high tidal volume (moderate certainty).

• Intraoperative use of low volume ventilation to decrease postoperative mortality, mechanical ventilation, lengths of… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.14, 0.77]
  11 studies · 957 participants
  Moderate

Low tidal volume vs high tidal volume

• Intraoperative use of low volume ventilation to decrease postoperative mortality, mechanical ventilation, lengths of… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 898 participants
  Low

Low tidal volume vs high tidal volume

• Intraoperative use of low volume ventilation to decrease postoperative mortality, mechanical ventilation, lengths of… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  14 studies · 1298 participants
  Low

Low tidal volume vs high tidal volume

It is very uncertain whether low tidal volume changes barotrauma: pneumothorax compared with high tidal volume (very low certainty).

• Intraoperative use of low volume ventilation to decrease postoperative mortality, mechanical ventilation, lengths of… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.77 [0.52, 5.99]
  5 studies · 708 participants
  Very low

NSAIDs vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) changes death (all causes) compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Effects of peri‐operative nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs on post‐operative kidney function for adults with… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.44 [0.19, 11.12]
  2 studies · 312 participants
  Very low

NSAIDs vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) changes length of hospital stay compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Effects of peri‐operative nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs on post‐operative kidney function for adults with… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 0.12
  3 studies · 410 participants
  Very low

Concomitant (concurrent) chemoradiotherapy vs radical surgery

• Type II or type III radical hysterectomy compared to chemoradiotherapy as a primary intervention for stage IB2… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Concomitant (concurrent) chemoradiotherapy vs radical surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Type II or type III radical hysterectomy compared to chemoradiotherapy as a primary intervention for stage IB2… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Concomitant (concurrent) chemoradiotherapy vs radical surgery

It is very uncertain whether chemoradiotherapy changes recurrence compared with radical surgery (very low certainty).

• Type II or type III radical hysterectomy compared to chemoradiotherapy as a primary intervention for stage IB2… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 2.26 [1.24, 4.14]
  1 study · 215 participants
  Very low

Concomitant (concurrent) chemoradiotherapy vs radical surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Type II or type III radical hysterectomy compared to chemoradiotherapy as a primary intervention for stage IB2… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Dexamethasone vs control

Dexamethasone showed no clear difference in postoperative wound or systemic infection compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Adverse side effects of dexamethasone in surgical patients 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.01 [0.8, 1.27]
  26 studies · 4603 participants
  Moderate