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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,310 questions · 1,358 findings · 214 reviews

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No studies found 230 · 16.9%GRADE not reported 169 · 12.4%Very low 269 · 19.8%Low 277 · 20.4%Moderate 291 · 21.4%High 122 · 9%

Pregabalin vs placebo

Maintenance of initial therapeutic response of at least 30% pain intensity reduction over baseline and continued treatment at 13 or 26 weeks (equivalent to 'moderate benefit') · adults with fibromyalgia enrolled in EERW studies
1 finding from 1 review

Laser (Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, or Nd:YAG) vs Conventional mechanical caries removal (standard drill; handpiece with a bur)

Episodes of pain (moderate or high pain; six-face rating scale) · Children, adolescents and adults with caries in deciduous and permanent teeth (age 3.5 to 84 years)

Laser (Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, or Nd:YAG) may leads to lower episodes of pain (moderate or high pain; six-face rating scale) compared with conventional mechanical caries removal (standard drill; handpiece… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cryotherapy (ice chips) 30 minutes vs Cryotherapy (ice chips) 60 minutes

Oral mucositis (moderate to severe) · Adults with solid cancers receiving fluorouracil (5FU) and leucovorin

It is very uncertain whether oral cryotherapy for 30 minutes changes oral mucositis (moderate to severe) compared with oral cryotherapy for 60 minutes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed ice held in the mouth during cancer treatment) vs Low-dose leucovorin rinse

Oral mucositis (moderate to severe) · Patients with osteosarcoma (bone cancer) receiving high-dose methotrexate, vincristine and leucovorin

It is very uncertain whether oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed… changes oral mucositis (moderate to severe) compared with low-dose leucovorin rinse (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed ice held in the mouth during cancer treatment) vs no intervention or control intervention (control)

Oral mucositis (moderate to severe) · All patients with cancer who are receiving treatment

Oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed… showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (moderate to severe) compared with control (no treatment or standard/usual oral care, e.g. saline rinse) (low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed ice held in the mouth during cancer treatment) vs Chlorhexidine rinse

Oral mucositis (moderate to severe) · Adults with solid cancers receiving fluorouracil (5FU) and leucovorin

It is very uncertain whether oral cryotherapy (ice chips, ice-cold water, ice cubes or crushed… changes oral mucositis (moderate to severe) compared with chlorhexidine rinse (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Trapeziectomy with interpositional arthroplasty (T and IA) vs Artelon joint resurfacing

Adverse events Mild to moderate swelling · Patients with thumb (trapeziometacarpal joint) osteoarthritis

It is very uncertain whether trapeziectomy with interpositional arthroplasty (T and IA) changes adverse events Mild to moderate swelling compared with artelon joint resurfacing (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Quinine vs placebo

Cramp intensity (on 3‐point scale; 1 = mild; 2 = moderate; 3 = severe) · patients with muscle cramps
1 finding from 1 review

Quinine vs vitamin E

Cramp intensity (on 3‐point scale; 1 = mild; 2 = moderate; 3 = severe) · patients with muscle cramps
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Co‐operation during induction ‐ Video 'fairytale' vs. no audiovisual aid (Passive) ICC = 0 (perfect vs. poor‐moderate compliance) · children

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes co‐operation during induction ‐ Video 'fairytale' vs. no audiovisual… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Moderate to severe pain at IUC insertion (dichotomous) · women with IUC being inserted

The intervention may leads to lower moderate to severe pain at IUC insertion (dichotomous) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DCS and cognitive and behavioural therapies vs placebo and cognitive and behavioural therapies

Condition‐specific anxiety symptoms As assessed by LSAS5 (scale from: 0 to 144, better indicated by a lower score. 55 to 65 points = moderate social anxiety disorder (Liebowitz 1987)) · adults with anxiety disorders

DCS and cognitive and behavioural therapies showed no clear difference in condition‐specific anxiety symptoms As assessed by LSAS5 (scale… compared with placebo and cognitive and behavioural therapies (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DCS and cognitive and behavioural therapies vs placebo and cognitive and behavioural therapies

Anxiety · adults with anxiety disorders

DCS and cognitive and behavioural therapies showed no clear difference in co‐morbid anxiety symptoms As assessed by BAI9 (scale from: 0 to 63,… compared with placebo and cognitive and behavioural therapies (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

At least 30% reduction in pain or equivalent (moderate) · adults with fibromyalgia
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Physical activity Average daily minutes of moderate to vigorous (24 months) · whole communities (adults, adolescents and children)
1 finding from 1 review

Tramadol vs pethidine

Proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain up to 6 hours after the procedure · children undergoing surgery

Tramadol showed no clear difference in number of patients with moderate to severe pain (PACU) compared with pethidine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review