What do systematic reviews say?

Combination of lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation plus intramuscular morphine vs placebo

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Combination of lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation plus intramuscular morphine vs placebo

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Combination of lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation plus intramuscular morphine vs placebo

Combination of intraperitoneal lidocaine instillation and… may leads to lower number of women requiring rescue medication compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.11 [0.03, 0.42]
  Studies not reported
  Low

Combination of lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation plus intramuscular morphine vs lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation alone

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Combination of lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation plus intramuscular morphine vs lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation alone

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Combination of lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation plus intramuscular morphine vs lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation alone

Combination of lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation plus… showed no clear difference in number of women requiring rescue medication compared with lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation alone (low certainty).

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.5 [0.1, 2.43]
  Studies not reported
  Low

Combination of lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation plus intramuscular morphine vs IM morphine

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

EMLA vs placebo

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Combination of lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation plus intramuscular morphine vs IM morphine

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Combination of lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation plus intramuscular morphine vs IM morphine

Combination of lidocaine intraperitoneal instillation plus… may leads to lower number of women requiring rescue medication compared with intramuscular morphine alone (low certainty).

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.11 [0.03, 0.42]
  Studies not reported
  Low

EMLA vs placebo

EMLA cream may leads to lower number of women requiring rescue medication compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.36 [0.25, 0.53]
  Studies not reported
  Low

Lidocaine instillation vs placebo

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Lidocaine instillation vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether lidocaine instillation changes adverse events within 48 hours post operation compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.04 [0.4, 2.69]
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Lidocaine instillation vs placebo

Lidocaine instillation may leads to lower number of women requiring rescue medication compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.27 [0.17, 0.44]
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intramuscular morphine vs placebo

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intramuscular morphine vs placebo

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intramuscular morphine vs placebo

Intramuscular morphine showed no clear difference in number of women requiring rescue medication compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Interventions for intra‐operative pain relief during postpartum mini‐laparotomy tubal ligation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.81, 1.23]
  Studies not reported
  Low

Plain lidocaine vs buffered lidocaine

• Adjusting the pH of lidocaine for reducing pain on injection 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 685 participants
  Moderate

Plain lidocaine vs buffered lidocaine

Plain lidocaine leads to higher preference compared with buffered lidocaine (high certainty).

• Adjusting the pH of lidocaine for reducing pain on injection 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 3.01 [1.19, 4.15]
  8 studies · 346 participants
  High

Plain lidocaine vs buffered lidocaine

• Adjusting the pH of lidocaine for reducing pain on injection 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 182 participants
  High