What do systematic reviews say?

Cooled boiled water vs Normal saline

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Water for wound cleansing 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Cooled boiled water vs Normal saline

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Water for wound cleansing 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Cooled boiled water vs Normal saline

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Water for wound cleansing 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Tap water vs Normal saline

It is very uncertain whether tap water changes infection compared with normal saline (very low certainty).

• Water for wound cleansing 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.84 [0.59, 1.19]
  8 studies · 2204 participants
  Very low

Tap water vs Normal saline

It is very uncertain whether tap water changes wounds healed compared with normal saline (very low certainty).

• Water for wound cleansing 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.57 [0.3, 1.07]
  2 studies · 79 participants
  Very low

Heparin vs normal saline solution locking

Heparin may leads to lower occlusion of CVC (combining participant, and catheter as unit of… compared with normal saline solution locking (low certainty).

• Heparin versus 0.9% sodium chloride locking for prevention of occlusion in central venous catheters in adults 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.7 [0.51, 0.95]
  10 studies · 1672 participants
  Low

Heparin vs normal saline solution locking

• Heparin versus 0.9% sodium chloride locking for prevention of occlusion in central venous catheters in adults 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 1788 participants
  Low

Heparin vs normal saline solution locking

It is very uncertain whether heparin changes CVC‐related bloodstream infections (positive microbiological… compared with normal saline solution locking (very low certainty).

• Heparin versus 0.9% sodium chloride locking for prevention of occlusion in central venous catheters in adults 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.66 [0.08, 5.8]
  3 studies · 1127 participants
  Very low

Heparin vs normal saline solution locking

It is very uncertain whether heparin changes mortality compared with normal saline solution locking (very low certainty).

• Heparin versus 0.9% sodium chloride locking for prevention of occlusion in central venous catheters in adults 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.76 [0.44, 1.31]
  3 studies · 1100 participants
  Very low

Heparin vs normal saline solution locking

It is very uncertain whether heparin changes haemorrhage from any site compared with normal saline solution locking (very low certainty).

• Heparin versus 0.9% sodium chloride locking for prevention of occlusion in central venous catheters in adults 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.54
  3 studies · 1197 participants
  Very low

Heparin vs normal saline solution locking

It is very uncertain whether heparin changes heparin‐induced thrombocytopaenia compared with normal saline solution locking (very low certainty).

• Heparin versus 0.9% sodium chloride locking for prevention of occlusion in central venous catheters in adults 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.21 [0.01, 4.27]
  3 studies · 443 participants
  Very low

Hydrogel dressings vs saline gauze

It is very uncertain whether hydrogel dressings changes complete wound healing compared with gauze and saline (very low certainty).

• Hydrogel dressings for venous leg ulcers 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 5.33 [1.73, 16.42]
  1 study · 60 participants
  Very low

Hydrogel dressings vs saline gauze

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Hydrogel dressings for venous leg ulcers 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Hydrogel dressings vs saline gauze

It is very uncertain whether hydrogel dressings changes changes in ulcer size (cm²) compared with gauze and saline (very low certainty).

• Hydrogel dressings for venous leg ulcers 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 1.5
  1 study · 60 participants
  Very low

Hydrogel dressings vs saline gauze

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Hydrogel dressings for venous leg ulcers 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Hydrogel dressings vs saline gauze

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Hydrogel dressings for venous leg ulcers 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Hydrogel dressings vs saline gauze

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Hydrogel dressings for venous leg ulcers 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Any intervention vs artificial tears or saline

• Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Any intervention vs artificial tears or saline

Any intervention may leads to higher proportion of participants with resolution of symptoms within 10… compared with artificial tears or saline (low certainty).

• Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.15 [1.07, 1.24]
  2 studies · 409 participants
  Low

Any intervention vs artificial tears or saline

• Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  3.19 [2.29, 4.45]
  2 studies · 409 participants
  Low