Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

401 questions · 403 findings · 75 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 79 · 19.6%GRADE not reported 18 · 4.5%Very low 91 · 22.6%Low 110 · 27.3%Moderate 79 · 19.6%High 26 · 6.5%

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid vs placebo or usual care

Maternal mortality ‐ not reported · women with primary postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal or caesarean birth

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in maternal mortality (all causes) compared with placebo or standard care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid vs placebo or usual care

Serious maternal morbidity · women with primary postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal or caesarean birth

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in serious maternal morbidity (any) compared with placebo or standard care alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid vs placebo or usual care

Maternal blood loss of 500 mL or greater · women with primary postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal or caesarean birth

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid may leads to lower blood loss 500 mL or more after randomisation compared with placebo or standard care alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid vs placebo or usual care

Blood transfusion · women with primary postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal or caesarean birth

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in blood transfusion (any) compared with placebo or standard care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid vs placebo or usual care

Hysterectomy to control bleeding · women with primary postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal or caesarean birth

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in surgical intervention to control bleeding: Hysterectomy compared with placebo or standard care alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid vs placebo or usual care

Side effects of the intervention: Any maternal vascular occlusive event · women with primary postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal or caesarean birth

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in side effects of the intervention: Any maternal vascular occlusive… compared with placebo or standard care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

clopidogrel plus aspirin vs aspirin

Cardiovascular mortality · people with coronary disease, ischaemic cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease or at high risk of atherothrombotic disease

clopidogrel plus aspirin showed no clear difference in cardiovascular mortality compared with aspirin alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

clopidogrel plus aspirin vs aspirin

All‐cause mortality · people with coronary disease, ischaemic cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease or at high risk of atherothrombotic disease

clopidogrel plus aspirin showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with aspirin alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

clopidogrel plus aspirin vs aspirin

Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · people with coronary disease, ischaemic cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease or at high risk of atherothrombotic disease

clopidogrel plus aspirin probably leads to lower fatal and non‐fatal myocardial infarction compared with aspirin alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

clopidogrel plus aspirin vs aspirin

Fatal and non‐fatal ischaemic stroke · people with coronary disease, ischaemic cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease or at high risk of atherothrombotic disease

clopidogrel plus aspirin probably leads to lower fatal and non‐fatal ischaemic stroke compared with aspirin alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

clopidogrel plus aspirin vs aspirin

Major bleeding · people with coronary disease, ischaemic cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease or at high risk of atherothrombotic disease

clopidogrel plus aspirin probably leads to higher major bleeding compared with aspirin alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

clopidogrel plus aspirin vs aspirin

Minor bleeding · people with coronary disease, ischaemic cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease or at high risk of atherothrombotic disease

clopidogrel plus aspirin probably leads to higher minor bleeding compared with aspirin alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Does treatment guided by serial BNP or NT‐proBNP monitoring improve outcomes vs treatment guided by clinical assessment alone?

All‐cause mortality · patients with heart failure

Does treatment guided by serial BNP or NT‐proBNP monitoring improve… showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with treatment guided by clinical assessment alone? (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review