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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,155 questions · 1,191 findings · 195 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 209 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 51 · 4.3%Very low 256 · 21.5%Low 273 · 22.9%Moderate 284 · 23.8%High 118 · 9.9%

LABA/LAMA vs LABA

Moderate to severe exacerbations: low‐risk population · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with predicted FEV1 of less than 80%

LABA/LAMA probably leads to lower moderate to severe exacerbations: low‐risk population compared with LABA (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LABA/ICS vs LAMA

Moderate to severe exacerbations: high‐risk population · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with predicted FEV1 of less than 80%

LABA/ICS showed no clear difference in moderate to severe exacerbations: high‐risk population compared with LAMA (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LABA/LAMA vs LABA plus inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)

Moderate to severe exacerbations: low‐risk population · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with predicted FEV1 of less than 80%

LABA/LAMA showed no clear difference in moderate to severe exacerbations: low‐risk population compared with LABA/ICS (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LABA/ICS vs LAMA

Moderate to severe exacerbations: low‐risk population · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with predicted FEV1 of less than 80%

LABA/ICS showed no clear difference in moderate to severe exacerbations: low‐risk population compared with LAMA (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LABA/ICS vs LABA

Moderate to severe exacerbations: high‐risk population · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with predicted FEV1 of less than 80%

LABA/ICS leads to lower moderate to severe exacerbations: high‐risk population compared with LABA (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LABA/ICS vs LABA

Moderate to severe exacerbations: low‐risk population · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with predicted FEV1 of less than 80%

LABA/ICS probably leads to lower moderate to severe exacerbations: low‐risk population compared with LABA (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LAMA vs LABA

Moderate to severe exacerbations: low‐risk population · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with predicted FEV1 of less than 80%

LAMA showed no clear difference in moderate to severe exacerbations: low‐risk population compared with LABA (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LABA/LAMA vs LAMA

Moderate to severe exacerbations: high‐risk population · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with predicted FEV1 of less than 80%

LABA/LAMA showed no clear difference in moderate to severe exacerbations: high‐risk population compared with LAMA (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LABA/LAMA vs LAMA

Moderate to severe exacerbations: low‐risk population · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with predicted FEV1 of less than 80%

LABA/LAMA showed no clear difference in moderate to severe exacerbations: low‐risk population compared with LAMA (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mirtazapine vs placebo

Participant‐reported pain relief of 30% or greater · adults with fibromyalgia

Mirtazapine may leads to higher participant‐reported pain relief of 30% or greater (moderate… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Selective vs routine episiotomy: all vaginal births where operative vaginal delivery was not anticipated

Women with moderate or severe pain (measured by visual analogue scale) · Women in labour where operative delivery was not anticipated. (Women were above 16 years old and between 28 gestational weeks and full…

It is very uncertain whether selective changes women with moderate or severe pain (measured by visual analogue scale) compared with routine episiotomy: all vaginal births where operative vaginal… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oestrogen therapy alone vs placebo

Venous thrombo‐embolism (DVT or PE): CEE 0.625 mg (moderate dose) · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

Oestrogen‐only hormone therapy (HT) showed no clear difference in venous thromboembolism (DVT or PE): CEE 0.625 mg (moderate dose) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Emergency endovascular aneurysm repair vs conventional open repair

Complication: renal complications (moderate or severe) (30‐day) · people diagnosed with RAAA

Emergency endovascular aneurysm repair showed no clear difference in complication: renal complications (moderate or severe) (30‐day) compared with conventional open repair (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review