What do systematic reviews say?

Intravenous fluid supplementation vs no fluid supplementation

• Fluid supplementation for neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 60 participants
  Moderate

Non‐nutritive sucking (NNS) vs no NNS

• Non‐nutritive sucking for increasing physiologic stability and nutrition in preterm infants 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 303 participants
  Low

Non‐nutritive sucking (NNS) vs no NNS

• Non‐nutritive sucking for increasing physiologic stability and nutrition in preterm infants 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 303 participants
  Low

Kangaroo mother care vs conventional neonatal care

Kangaroo mother care probably leads to higher any breastfeeding at discharge or at 40 to 41 weeks' postmenstrual… compared with conventional neonatal care (moderate certainty).

• Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.2 [1.07, 1.34]
  10 studies · 1696 participants
  Moderate

Kangaroo mother care vs conventional neonatal care

Kangaroo mother care may leads to higher any breastfeeding at 1 to 3 months' compared with conventional neonatal care (low certainty).

• Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.17 [1.05, 1.31]
  9 studies · 1394 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to higher breastfeeding 1 month to 4 months post birth (moderate certainty).

• Early skin‐to‐skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.24 [1.07, 1.43]
  14 studies · 887 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Early skin‐to‐skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 264 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to higher exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge to 1 month post birth (moderate certainty).

• Early skin‐to‐skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.3 [1.12, 1.49]
  6 studies · 711 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to higher exclusive breastfeeding 6 weeks to 6 months post birth (moderate certainty).

• Early skin‐to‐skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.5 [1.18, 1.9]
  7 studies · 640 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  957 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes not breastfeeding at six months (very low certainty).

• Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.83 [0.72, 0.95]
  803 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The intervention may leads to lower not fully breastfeeding at hospital discharge (low certainty).

• Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.61 [0.52, 0.71]
  893 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  803 participants
  Very low

Case notes vs control

Case notes showed no clear difference in breastfeeding compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Giving women their own case notes to carry during pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.99, 1.02]
  2 studies · 704 participants
  Moderate

Specialised antenatal clinics vs usual care

It is very uncertain whether specialised antenatal clinics changes breastfeeding 6 months' postpartum compared with standard care (very low certainty).

• Specialised antenatal clinics for women with a multiple pregnancy for improving maternal and infant outcomes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.63 [0.24, 1.68]
  1 study · 123 participants
  Very low

Group antenatal care vs individual antenatal care (adjusted data)

Group antenatal care showed no clear difference in breastfeeding initiation compared with individual antenatal care (adjusted data) (moderate certainty).

• Group versus conventional antenatal care for women 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.08 [0.96, 1.2]
  3 studies · 1943 participants
  Moderate

Transfer from incubator to cot at lower vs higher body weight

Transfer from incubator to cot at lower showed no clear difference in proportion of infants exclusive breastfeeding at discharge compared with higher body weight (high certainty).

• Transfer of preterm infants from incubator to open cot at lower versus higher body weight 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.81, 1.24]
  2 studies · 276 participants
  High

Topical treatments vs breastfeeding advice

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing mastitis after childbirth 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Topical treatments vs breastfeeding advice

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing mastitis after childbirth 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Topical treatments vs breastfeeding advice

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for preventing mastitis after childbirth 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found