Gestational age (preterm birth < 37 weeks) · preterm infants
Probiotics administered to pregnant women at risk of preterm birth showed no clear difference in preterm birth < 37 weeks' gestation compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Preterm birth less than 34 weeks' gestation · preterm infants
1 finding from 1 review
Preterm birth less than 34 weeks' gestation · preventing preterm birth in women with singleton pregnancy
Cerclage leads to lower preterm birth before 34 completed weeks compared with no cerclage (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Preterm birth · women with singleton pregnancies and threatened preterm labor (PTL) between 23 to 35 weeks
Main comparison (FFN knowledge showed no clear difference in preterm birth < 37 weeks compared with no knowledge) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Preterm birth less than 34 weeks' gestation · women with singleton pregnancies and threatened preterm labor (PTL) between 23 to 35 weeks
Main comparison (FFN knowledge showed no clear difference in preterm birth < 34 weeks compared with no knowledge) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Preterm birth < 32 weeks · women with singleton pregnancies and threatened preterm labor (PTL) between 23 to 35 weeks
It is very uncertain whether main comparison (FFN knowledge changes preterm birth < 32 weeks compared with no knowledge) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Preterm birth less than 34 weeks' gestation · women undergoing home monitoring for preventing preterm birth versus women receiving standard care
The intervention leads to lower preterm birth less than 34 weeks' gestation (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Preterm birth less than 37 weeks' gestation · women undergoing home monitoring for preventing preterm birth versus women receiving standard care
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes preterm birth less than 37 weeks' gestation (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Periodontitis (exposure) vs No periodontitis
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) · Pregnant women
Country socio-economic status: developing: OR 3.08 (2.22 to 4.26) for preterm birth, significant.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 3.08 [2.22, 4.26]
7 studies
GRADE not reported
Periodontitis (exposure) vs No periodontitis
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) · Pregnant women
Periodontitis definition: >=4 mm CAL: OR 2.15 (1.44 to 3.21) for preterm birth, significant.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 2.15 [1.44, 3.21]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Periodontitis (exposure) vs No periodontitis
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) · Pregnant women
Periodontitis definition: PPD >3 mm: OR 2.43 (1.68 to 3.52) for preterm birth, significant.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 2.43 [1.68, 3.52]
8 studies
GRADE not reported
Periodontitis (exposure) vs No periodontitis
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) · Pregnant women
Continent: South America: OR 4.03 (2.71 to 6.00) for preterm birth, significant.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 4.03 [2.71, 6.00]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Periodontitis (exposure) vs No periodontitis
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) · Pregnant women
Country socio-economic status: developed: OR 1.61 (1.25 to 2.07) for preterm birth, significant.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 1.61 [1.25, 2.07]
4 studies
GRADE not reported
Periodontitis (exposure) vs No periodontitis
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) · Pregnant women
Study design: case-control: OR 2.86 (1.73 to 4.72) for preterm birth, significant.
1 finding from 1 review
Periodontitis (exposure) vs No periodontitis
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) · Pregnant women
Periodontitis definition: PPD >2 mm: OR 2.87 (1.65 to 4.99) for preterm birth, significant.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 2.87 [1.65, 4.99]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Periodontitis (exposure) vs No periodontitis
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) · Pregnant women
Examined teeth: full mouth excluding third molars: OR 1.96 (1.50 to 2.56) for preterm birth, significant.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 1.96 [1.50, 2.56]
5 studies
GRADE not reported
Periodontitis (exposure) vs No periodontitis
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) · Pregnant women
Studies including smokers: OR 2.50 (1.74 to 3.59) for preterm birth, significant.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 2.50 [1.74, 3.59]
8 studies
GRADE not reported
Periodontitis (exposure) vs No periodontitis
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) · Pregnant women
Studies excluding participants with co-morbidities: OR 2.53 (1.45 to 4.42) for preterm birth, significant.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 2.53 [1.45, 4.42]
6 studies
GRADE not reported
Periodontitis (exposure) vs No periodontitis
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) · Pregnant women
Pregnant women with periodontitis probably have a small increased risk of preterm birth (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Periodontitis (exposure) vs No periodontitis
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) · Pregnant women
Periodontitis definition: >=2 affected teeth: OR 2.31 (1.60 to 3.34) for preterm birth, significant.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 2.31 [1.60, 3.34]
3 studies
GRADE not reported