What do systematic reviews say?

Interventionist care vs expectant care

Interventionist care showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality or perinatal death compared with expectant (delayed delivery) care (low certainty).

• Interventionist versus expectant care for severe pre‐eclampsia between 24 and 34 weeks' gestation 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.11 [0.62, 1.99]
  3 studies · 343 participants
  Low

Ambroxol vs corticosteroid (betamethasone)

Ambroxol showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality frequency of deaths of newborns compared with corticosteroid (betamethasone) (moderate certainty).

• Ambroxol for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.51 [0.23, 1.12]
  6 studies · 657 participants
  Moderate

Ambroxol vs placebo or no treatment

Ambroxol showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality frequency of deaths of newborns compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

• Ambroxol for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.61 [0.19, 1.98]
  1 study · 116 participants
  Low

Exercise vs control

Exercise showed no clear difference in mortality and morbidity composite (variously defined by trials, e.g.… compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.56 [0.12, 2.61]
  2 studies · 169 participants
  Moderate

Group antenatal care vs individual antenatal care (adjusted data)

Group antenatal care showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality (stillbirth or neonatal death) compared with individual antenatal care (adjusted data) (low certainty).

• Group versus conventional antenatal care for women 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.63 [0.32, 1.25]
  3 studies · 1943 participants
  Low

Self‐monitoring vs periodic

It is very uncertain whether self‐monitoring changes perinatal mortality (stillbirth or neonatal death) compared with periodic (very low certainty).

• Different methods and settings for glucose monitoring for gestational diabetes during pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.54 [0.21, 11.24]
  2 studies · 400 participants
  Very low

Continuous glucose monitoring system vs self‐monitoring of glucose

• Different methods and settings for glucose monitoring for gestational diabetes during pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 179 participants
  Very low

Admission cardiotocography vs intermittent auscultation

Admission cardiotocography showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality rate (fetal and neonatal deaths excluding lethal… compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (moderate certainty).

• Cardiotocography versus intermittent auscultation of fetal heart on admission to labour ward for assessment of fetal… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.3, 3.47]
  4 studies · 11339 participants
  Moderate

Telemedicine vs usual care

• Different methods and settings for glucose monitoring for gestational diabetes during pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 131 participants
  Very low

Planned early birth vs expectant management

• Planned early delivery versus expectant management of the term suspected compromised baby for improving outcomes 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 459 participants
  Moderate