Overall pain (change from baseline) Shoulder Pain and Disability Questionnaire (SPADI, 0‐100) (lower scores = less pain)a · patients with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)
1 finding from 1 review
Overall pain (change from baseline) Shoulder Pain and Disability Questionnaire (SPADI, 0‐100) (lower scores = less pain)a · patients with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)
1 finding from 1 review
Function (change from baseline) Shoulder Pain and Disability Questionnaire (SPADI, 0‐100) (lower scores = better function)f · patients with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)
1 finding from 1 review
Function (change from baseline) Shoulder Pain and Disability Questionnaire (SPADI, 0‐100) (lower scores = better function)f · patients with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients with chronic MND
Chronic MND: Cervical/UE Stretch/ROM Exercise + Cervical/UE… showed no clear difference in pain Intensity: VAS 0 no pain to 100 worst pain ( compared with PLACEBO or SHAM (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Overall pain (change from baseline) Shoulder Pain and Disability Questionnaire (SPADI, 0‐100) (lower scores = less pain)a · patients with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)
1 finding from 1 review
Function (change from baseline) Shoulder Pain and Disability Questionnaire (SPADI, 0‐100) (lower scores = better function)f · patients with adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)
1 finding from 1 review
Pain intensity VAS (0 to 100; 0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain) · patients with chronic mechanical neck disorders
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients with mechanical neck disorders
1 finding from 1 review
Relief of pain · adult torture survivors with chronic pain
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction in disability Pain Coping Questionnaire behavioural subscale (12 items: 0‐7); WHODAS‐II (12 items: 1‐5) · adult torture survivors with chronic pain
1 finding from 1 review
Pain intensity measured by a number of different measurements; lower score = better. · pregnant women with back pain
Low‐back pain: any exercises + usual prenatal care showed no clear difference in pain intensity measured by a number of different measurements; lower… compared with usual prenatal care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women who reported pain on Visual Analogue Scale · pregnant women with, or at risk of developing, pelvic and back pain
Pelvic + low‐back pain: any exercises + usual prenatal care probably leads to lower number of women who reported pain on Visual Analogue Scale. compared with usual prenatal care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Knee pain (long term) VAS scale: 0 to 10; higher score = worse pain. · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 4 weeks (1 study); symptoms > 6 weeks (1 study); symptoms > 8 weeks (1 study); not…
1 finding from 1 review
Knee pain (short term) VAS scale: 0 to 10; higher score = worse pain. · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 4 weeks (1 study); symptoms > 6 weeks (1 study); symptoms > 8 weeks (1 study); not…
It is very uncertain whether neuromuscular electrical stimulation + other intervention (e.g.… changes knee pain (short term) VAS scale: 0 to 10; higher score = worse pain. compared with same other intervention only (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain · participants with haemophilia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Exercise for haemophilia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Pain · people with chronic venous insufficiency
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Pain · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Pain · patients with non‐specific chronic low back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Pain · patients with acute and subacute neck pain
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found