What do systematic reviews say?

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with radiotherapy vs Radiotherapy alone

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with radiotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival Median compared with radiotherapy alone (low certainty).

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.89 [0.61, 1.29]
  1 study · 256 participants
  Low

Hysterectomy (radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs chemoradiotherapy alone

Hysterectomy (radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival Median compared with chemoradiotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.94 [0.76, 1.16]
  2 studies · 1253 participants
  Moderate

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with chemoradiotherapy vs chemoradiotherapy alone

It is very uncertain whether hysterectomy (simple or radical) with chemoradiotherapy changes overall survival Median compared with chemoradiotherapy alone (very low certainty).

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 102 participants
  Very low

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with chemoradiotherapy vs internal radiotherapy (brachytherapy) with chemoradiotherapy

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with chemoradiotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival Median compared with internal radiotherapy (brachytherapy) with chemoradiotherapy (low certainty).

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.65 [0.35, 1.21]
  1 study · 211 participants
  Low

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs Radiotherapy alone

Hysterectomy (simple or radical) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival Median compared with radiotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Hysterectomy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both for women with locally advanced cervical cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.71 [0.55, 0.93]
  3 studies · 571 participants
  Moderate

Anti‐leukaemic therapy plus alemtuzumab vs anti‐leukaemic therapy alone (anti‐leukaemic therapy identical

Anti‐leukaemic therapy plus alemtuzumab probably leads to lower overall survival (median 2 years) compared with anti‐leukaemic therapy alone (anti‐leukaemic therapy identical (moderate certainty).

• Alemtuzumab for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.65 [0.45, 0.94]
  1 study · 335 participants
  Moderate

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab) vs neoadjuvant immunotherapy (nivolumab)

• Neoadjuvant treatment for stage III and IV cutaneous melanoma 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 23 participants
  Moderate

Capecitabine‐containing regimens vs chemotherapy regimens without capecitabine

Capecitabine‐containing regimens showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS)median compared with chemotherapy regimens without capecitabine (high certainty).

• Capecitabine for hormone receptor‐positive versus hormone receptor‐negative breast cancer 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.01 [0.98, 1.05]
  12 studies · 4325 participants
  High

Capecitabine‐containing regimens vs non‐capecitabine‐containing regimens or no chemotherapy

Capecitabine‐containing regimens probably leads to lower overall survival (OS)median compared with non‐capecitabine‐containing regimens or no chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

• Capecitabine for hormone receptor‐positive versus hormone receptor‐negative breast cancer 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.89 [0.81, 0.98]
  8 studies · 13547 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS) ‐ Network (subnet 1) included 19 pairwise… (moderate certainty).

• First‐line therapy for adults with advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.73 [0.5, 1.07]
  17 studies · 9705 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 54 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Radical multimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 50 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in overall Survival (median (low certainty).

• Surgery or radiosurgery plus whole brain radiotherapy versus surgery or radiosurgery alone for brain metastases 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.11 [0.83, 1.48]
  5 studies · 663 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention may leads to lower overall survival [range of median (low certainty).

• The role of maintenance therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia in the first complete remission 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  892 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to lower overall survival [range of median (moderate certainty).

• The role of maintenance therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia in the first complete remission 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  632 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention probably leads to lower overall survival [range of median (moderate certainty).

• The role of maintenance therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia in the first complete remission 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1033 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• First‐line therapy for adults with advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 3937 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

The intervention may leads to lower subgroup analysis in pediatric patients: Overall survival [range of… (low certainty).

• The role of maintenance therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia in the first complete remission 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  133 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• First‐line therapy for adults with advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 594 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• First‐line therapy for adults with advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 933 participants
  GRADE not reported