What do systematic reviews say?

Thrombopoietin mimetics vs placebo

• Thrombopoietin mimetics for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 282 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in overall survival ‐ trials of metastatic breast cancer participants… (high certainty).

• Platinum‐containing regimens for metastatic breast cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.01 [0.92, 1.12]
  16 studies · 2531 participants
  High

High‐dose chemotherapy followed by autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation vs conventional chemotherapy plus whole lung irradiation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• High‐dose chemotherapy followed by autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation for children, adolescents, and young… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy may leads to lower overall survival compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

• Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.77 [0.62, 0.95]
  1 study · 452 participants
  Low

Pazopanib plus lapatinib vs lapatinib

Pazopanib plus lapatinib may leads to higher overall survival compared with lapatinib (low certainty).

• Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 2.71 [1.16, 6.31]
  1 study · 117 participants
  Low

Pazopanib vs lapatinib

Pazopanib showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with lapatinib (low certainty).

• Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.96 [0.67, 1.38]
  1 study · 152 participants
  Low

Cediranib plus chemotherapy vs placebo plus chemotherapy

Cediranib plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with placebo plus chemotherapy (low certainty).

• Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.94 [0.53, 1.65]
  1 study · 69 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Health education interventions to promote early presentation and referral for women with symptoms of endometrial cancer 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery

It is very uncertain whether surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) changes overall survival compared with stereotactic radiosurgery (very low certainty).

• Surgery versus stereotactic radiotherapy for people with single or solitary brain metastasis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.92 [0.48, 1.77]
  1 study · 64 participants
  Very low

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT (low certainty).

• Surgery versus stereotactic radiotherapy for people with single or solitary brain metastasis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.53 [0.2, 1.42]
  1 study · 21 participants
  Low

Delayed chemotherapy vs immediate chemotherapy

Delayed chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with immediate chemotherapy (low certainty).

• Survival differences with immediate versus delayed chemotherapy for asymptomatic incurable metastatic colorectal cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.17 [0.93, 1.46]
  3 studies · 351 participants
  Low

Whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) + stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) vs WBRT

Whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) + stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with WBRT (moderate certainty).

• Whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) alone versus WBRT and radiosurgery for the treatment of brain metastases 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.82 [0.65, 1.02]
  2 studies · 358 participants
  Moderate

Modern chemotherapy regimens vs 5‐flourouracil

Modern chemotherapy regimens probably leads to lower overall survival compared with 5‐flourouracil (moderate certainty).

• Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.69 [0.51, 0.94]
  1 study · 167 participants
  Moderate

Irinotecan‐based regimens vs irinotecan

Irinotecan‐based regimens showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with irinotecan (low certainty).

• Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.91 [0.79, 1.04]
  6 studies · 2615 participants
  Low

Irinotecan + oxaliplatin vs irinotecan

Irinotecan + oxaliplatin probably leads to lower overall survival compared with irinotecan (moderate certainty).

• Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.78 [0.67, 0.9]
  1 study · 627 participants
  Moderate

Chemotherapy vs best supportive care

Chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival compared with best supportive care (moderate certainty).

• Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.58 [0.43, 0.8]
  1 study · 279 participants
  Moderate

FOLFIRI + targeted therapy vs FOLFIRI

FOLFIRI + targeted therapy leads to lower overall survival compared with FOLFIRI (high certainty).

• Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.84 [0.77, 0.91]
  6 studies · 3335 participants
  High

FOLFOX + targeted therapy vs FOLFOX

It is very uncertain whether FOLFOX + targeted therapy changes overall survival compared with FOLFOX (very low certainty).

• Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.92 [0.82, 1.04]
  2 studies · 1432 participants
  Very low

Irinotecan + targeted therapy vs irinotecan

Irinotecan + targeted therapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with irinotecan (low certainty).

• Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.99 [0.88, 1.1]
  2 studies · 1758 participants
  Low

Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Chemotherapy + bevacizumab leads to lower overall survival compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).

• Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.79 [0.7, 0.88]
  4 studies · 1723 participants
  High