Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

30 questions · 31 findings · 19 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 3 · 9.7%GRADE not reported 3 · 9.7%Very low 9 · 29%Low 8 · 25.8%Moderate 6 · 19.4%High 2 · 6.5%

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

All‐cause mortality (outcome collected through first event: death, hospital discharge, hospital transfer, or 120 days after birth) · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (outcome collected through first event: death,… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative inspiratory muscle training vs usual care, non‐exercise intervention

Mortality In the early postoperative period (≤ 30 days) · adult participants undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery

It is very uncertain whether preoperative inspiratory muscle training changes all‐cause mortality within 30 days during postoperative period compared with usual care, non‐exercise intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Methylprednisolone vs dexamethasone

All‐cause mortality up to 30 days · hospitalised and unvaccinated individuals with a confirmed or suspected diagnosis of symptomatic COVID‐19

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Methylprednisolone changes all‐cause mortality up to 30 days compared with dexamethasone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FIBRINOGEN: Therapeutic trials: intervention vs inactive control

All‐cause mortality Up to 28 days post‐operatively · the prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients without haemophilia

FIBRINOGEN: Therapeutic trials: intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality Up to 46 days post‐operatively compared with inactive Control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FIBRINOGEN: Therapeutic trials: intervention vs haemostatically active control

All‐cause mortality Up to 28 days post‐operatively · the prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients without haemophilia
2 findings from 1 review

FIBRINOGEN: Therapeutic trials: intervention vs inactive control

All‐cause mortality Up to 28 days following admission · the prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients without haemophilia

FIBRINOGEN: Therapeutic trials: intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality Up to 28 days following admission compared with inactive Control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FIBRINOGEN: Therapeutic trials: intervention vs inactive control

All‐cause mortality In‐hospital mortality up to 30 days post‐operatively · the prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients without haemophilia

FIBRINOGEN: Therapeutic trials: intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality In‐hospital mortality up to 30 days… compared with inactive Control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous tranexamic acid vs placebo

All‐cause mortality (30 days post‐surgery) · people undergoing definitive fixation of hip, pelvic and long bone fractures

Intravenous tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (30 days post‐surgery) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy - locally-applied tranexamic acid (TXA) mouthwash/solution (SoF eligibility: TXA or EACA; all included trials used topical TXA) vs placebo

All‐cause mortality (30 days post‐surgery) · people undergoing definitive fixation of hip, pelvic and long bone fractures

It is very uncertain whether topical tranexamic acid changes all‐cause mortality (30 days post‐surgery) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Early all‐cause mortality (within 30 days) · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

Perioperative beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in early all‐cause mortality (within 30 days) compared with placebo or standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Beta‐blockers vs control—cardiac surgery

All‐cause mortality (30 days)—cardiac surgery · patients with coronary heart disease and/or valvular heart disease

Beta‐blocker showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (30 days)—cardiac surgery compared with control—cardiac surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitroglycerin vs no treatment

All‐cause mortality in 30 days post operation · patients (15 years of age and older) undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under any type of anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitroglycerin changes all‐cause mortality in 30 days post operation compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review