Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

232 questions · 237 findings · 121 reviews

No studies found 34 · 14.3%GRADE not reported 13 · 5.5%Very low 82 · 34.6%Low 66 · 27.8%Moderate 30 · 12.7%High 12 · 5.1%

Periodontal treatment (scaling and root planing, polishing, or surgery), alone or with oral hygiene counselling, antiseptics, or antimicrobials vs no treatment

Maternal death · Pregnant women considered to have periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis) after dental examination
1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous tranexamic acid vs placebo

All‐cause mortality (30 days post‐surgery) · people undergoing definitive fixation of hip, pelvic and long bone fractures

Intravenous tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (30 days post‐surgery) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy - locally-applied tranexamic acid (TXA) mouthwash/solution (SoF eligibility: TXA or EACA; all included trials used topical TXA) vs placebo

All‐cause mortality (30 days post‐surgery) · people undergoing definitive fixation of hip, pelvic and long bone fractures

It is very uncertain whether topical tranexamic acid changes all‐cause mortality (30 days post‐surgery) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low‐dose opioid based general anaesthesia vs high‐dose opioid based general anaesthesia

Mortality ‐ Death at any time after surgery · adult cardiac surgical patients

Low‐dose opioid‐based GA showed no clear difference in mortality ‐ Death at any time after surgery compared with high‐dose opioid‐based GA (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Periodontal treatment (scaling and root planing, polishing, or surgery), alone or with oral hygiene counselling, antiseptics, or antimicrobials vs no treatment

Perinatal mortality · Pregnant women considered to have periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis) after dental examination

It is very uncertain whether periodontal treatment (scaling and root planing, polishing, or… changes perinatal mortality (including fetal and neonatal deaths up to the… compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intensive vs less intensive continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT)

Mortality: patients with AKI not related to surgery · patients with AKI who need CRRT

Intensive showed no clear difference in mortality: patients with AKI not related to surgery compared with less intensive continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Postoperative mortality (within 30 days from surgery) · patients with resectable disease

The intervention leads to higher postoperative mortality (within 30 days from surgery) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transmyocardial laser revascularization vs medical treatment

Early postoperative mortality Deaths in the 30 days after surgery · patients with refractory angina

Transmyocardial laser revascularization showed no clear difference in early postoperative mortality Deaths in the 30 days after surgery compared with medical treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intensive vs less intensive continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT)

Mortality: patients with AKI related to cardiac or general surgery · patients with AKI who need CRRT

Intensive leads to lower mortality: patients with AKI related to cardiac or general surgery compared with less intensive continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alteplase vs urokinase

Overall treatment failure, including mortality, thoracic surgery or referral for further fibrinolytic therapy · adult parapneumonic effusions and empyema

Alteplase showed no clear difference in overall treatment failure, including mortality, thoracic surgery or… compared with urokinase (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Streptokinase vs urokinase

Overall treatment failure, including mortality, thoracic surgery or referral for further fibrinolytic therapy · adult parapneumonic effusions and empyema

Streptokinase showed no clear difference in overall treatment failure, including mortality, thoracic surgery or… compared with urokinase (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fibrinolytics vs placebo

Overall treatment failure, including mortality, thoracic surgery or referral for further fibrinolytic therapy · adult parapneumonic effusions and empyema

It is very uncertain whether fibrinolytics changes overall treatment failure, including mortality, thoracic surgery or… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐surgical vs surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes)

Long‐term mortality (time‐to‐event outcome): radiotherapy versus surgery All‐cause mortality for the duration of · patients with oesophageal cancer

It is very uncertain whether non‐surgical changes long‐term mortality (time‐to‐event outcome): radiotherapy versus… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐surgical vs surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes)

Long‐term mortality (time‐to‐event outcome): chemoradiotherapy versus surgery All‐cause mortality for the duration of · patients with oesophageal cancer

Non‐surgical showed no clear difference in long‐term mortality (time‐to‐event outcome): chemoradiotherapy… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review