Cardiovascular mortality · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 25(OH)D) for Cardiovascular disease mortality: RR 0.55 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.85), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · adults with HIV infection
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes mortality compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · adults with HIV infection
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · Adults with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Mortality: RR 1.40 (95% CI 0.38 to 5.15), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · Adults with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Mortality: RR 1.34 (95% CI 0.34 to 5.24), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
All‐cause mortality · children aged between 6 months and 5 years
Vitamin A supplementation leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or usual care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality due to LRTI · children aged between 6 months and 5 years
Vitamin A supplementation showed no clear difference in mortality due to LRTI compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all cause) · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Mortality (all cause) (Vitamin D2, general population): RR 1.04 (95% CI 0.97 to 1.11), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
2 findings from 1 review
Mortality due to measles · children aged between 6 months and 5 years
Vitamin A supplementation showed no clear difference in mortality due to measles compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality due to diarrhoea · children aged between 6 months and 5 years
Vitamin A supplementation leads to lower mortality due to diarrhoea compared with placebo or usual care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: all causes · healthy people
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in mortality: all causes compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality Physicians · middle‐aged US male physicians
It is very uncertain whether vitamin C supplementation changes all‐cause mortality Physicians compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: all cancers · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005
Vitamin C showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: lung cancer · healthy people and healthy male physicians
Vitamin A showed no clear difference in mortality: lung cancer compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: lung cancer · healthy people
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in mortality: lung cancer compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: all cancers · healthy people
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: all cancers · healthy people and healthy male physicians
Vitamin A showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cardiovascular mortality Physicians · middle‐aged US male physicians
It is very uncertain whether vitamin C supplementation changes cardiovascular mortality Physicians compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: lung cancer ‐ men · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005
Vitamin C showed no clear difference in mortality: lung cancer ‐ men compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review