Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

398 questions · 434 findings · 166 reviews

No studies found 95 · 21.9%GRADE not reported 31 · 7.1%Very low 91 · 21%Low 110 · 25.3%Moderate 78 · 18%High 29 · 6.7%

Intervention not reported

Mortality within · Individuals with peripheral arterial disease

The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality within (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid vs placebo or usual care

Maternal mortality ‐ not reported · women with primary postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal or caesarean birth

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in maternal mortality (all causes) compared with placebo or standard care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA

Coronary heart disease mortality – CHD deaths · people with or without existing cardiovascular disease, men and women

Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) showed no clear difference in coronary heart disease mortality compared with lower PUFA (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration vs Lower circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration

Cardiovascular mortality · Adults (general population)

Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 25(OH)D) for Cardiovascular disease mortality: RR 0.55 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.85), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ High‐dose dexamethasone (12 mg or higher) vs low‐dose dexamethasone (6 mg to 8 mg)

All‐cause mortality up to 30 days · hospitalised individuals with unknown vaccination status and a confirmed diagnosis of symptomatic COVID‐19

Summary of findings table ‐ High‐dose dexamethasone (12 mg or higher) showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality up to 30 days compared with low‐dose dexamethasone (6 mg to 8 mg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin vs low molecular weight heparin

VTE‐related mortality4 · people aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of new or recurrent VTE

Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin showed no clear difference in VTE‐related mortality at 3 months compared with low molecular weight heparin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ High‐dose dexamethasone (12 mg or higher) vs low‐dose dexamethasone (6 mg to 8 mg)

All‐cause mortality up to 120 days · hospitalised individuals with unknown vaccination status and a confirmed diagnosis of symptomatic COVID‐19

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ High‐dose dexamethasone (12 mg or higher) changes all‐cause mortality up to 120 days compared with low‐dose dexamethasone (6 mg to 8 mg) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid vs placebo or usual care

Maternal mortality due to bleeding · women with primary postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal or caesarean birth

Standard care plus IV tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in maternal mortality due to bleeding compared with placebo or standard care alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

nHFV vs nIPPV following failure of initial non‐invasive respiratory support

Mortality before hospital discharge · ventilated preterm infants with failure of initial non‐invasive respiratory support

nHFV showed no clear difference in mortality before hospital discharge compared with nIPPV following failure of initial non‐invasive respiratory support (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: any simplified antibiotic regimen vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Neonatal mortality · neonates with possible serious bacterial infection

Comparison 2: any simplified antibiotic regimen showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with the standard antibiotic regimen (7 days injectable benzylpenicillin… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Neonatal mortality · neonates with possible serious bacterial infection

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin + injectable gentamicin showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin vs 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin

Neonatal mortality · neonates with fast breathing alone

Comparison 2: 7 days oral amoxicillin showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality compared with 7 days injectable benzylpenicillin + injectable gentamicin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review