What do systematic reviews say?

Anti‐IL‐4Rα mAb (dupilumab) vs placebo (on top of topical steroids)

• Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 784 participants
  High

Anti‐IgE mAb (omalizumab) vs placebo (on top of topical steroids)

• Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 265 participants
  Moderate

Anti‐IL‐5 mAb (mepolizumab) vs placebo (on top of topical steroids)

• Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 105 participants
  Low

Anti‐IL‐4Rα mAb (dupilumab) vs placebo (on top of topical steroids)

• Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 766 participants
  Moderate

Immune checkpoint inhibitors vs any first‐line chemotherapy

• Immunotherapy for advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 393 participants
  Moderate

Immune checkpoint inhibitors vs any second‐line chemotherapy

• Immunotherapy for advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 727 participants
  Low

Recombinant human thyrotropin‐aided radioiodine vs radioiodine

• Recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH)‐aided radioiodine treatment for non‐toxic multinodular goitre 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 85 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

• Interventions for congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 2 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

5‐ASA vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Oral 5‐aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of surgically‐induced remission in Crohn's disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

High dose 5‐ASA vs low dose 5‐ASA

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Oral 5‐aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of surgically‐induced remission in Crohn's disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

5‐ASA vs purine antimetabolites

It is very uncertain whether 5‐ASA changes health related quality of life compared with purine antimetabolites (very low certainty).

• Oral 5‐aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of surgically‐induced remission in Crohn's disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.42 [0.27, 7.46]
  1 study · 35 participants
  Very low

5‐ASA vs anti TNF‐ɑ

It is very uncertain whether 5‐ASAs changes health related quality of life compared with anti TNF‐ɑ (very low certainty).

• Oral 5‐aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of surgically‐induced remission in Crohn's disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.19 [0.07, 0.54]
  1 study · 34 participants
  Very low

5‐ASA vs no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Oral 5‐aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of surgically‐induced remission in Crohn's disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Total or near‐total thyroidectomy vs subtotal thyroidectomy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Total or near‐total thyroidectomy versus subtotal thyroidectomy for multinodular non‐toxic goitre in adults 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Probiotics vs 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine)

• Probiotics for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 222 participants
  Low

Anti‐IL‐5 mAb (mepolizumab) vs placebo (on top of topical steroids)

• Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 105 participants
  Low