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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

394 questions · 795 findings · 66 reviews · Dental caries

No studies found 5 · 0.6%GRADE not reported 753 · 94.7%Very low 31 · 3.9%Low 4 · 0.5%Moderate 2 · 0.3%High 0 · 0%

Food marketing exposure or greater marketing power vs No, less, or less powerful food marketing

Dental caries · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

Across two studies, 50% showed any association of potential public health harm for dental caries (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Higher consumption of snacks / sugar / soft drinks vs Lower consumption

Dental caries · Healthy children and adolescents in the United Arab Emirates

Higher snacking and soft-drink/sugar consumption were associated with more caries in most studies, though one study found no association with sweet-consumption frequency (narrative synthesis; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower parental (maternal/paternal) education vs Higher parental education

Dental caries · Healthy children and adolescents in the United Arab Emirates

The association between parental education and caries was inconsistent; father's (but not consistently mother's) education was inversely associated with caries in some studies (narrative synthesis; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Problem-driven / less regular dental visiting vs More frequent / regular dental visits

Dental caries · Healthy children and adolescents in the United Arab Emirates

A higher frequency of dental visits was associated with lower caries, while problem-driven visiting was associated with higher severe early childhood caries (narrative synthesis; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Less frequent tooth brushing (< twice daily) vs More frequent tooth brushing (>= twice daily)

Dental caries · Healthy children and adolescents in the United Arab Emirates

More frequent tooth brushing was generally protective against caries, though findings were somewhat inconsistent across studies (narrative synthesis; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower family socioeconomic status / income vs Higher socioeconomic position

Dental caries · Healthy children and adolescents in the United Arab Emirates

Evidence on socioeconomic status/income and caries was inconsistent: some studies linked lower income to higher caries while others found no association (narrative synthesis; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Multiple LTF gene variants (joint / gene-based) vs Caries-free controls

Dental caries · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls)

A gene-based analysis indicated that multiple LTF variants were jointly associated with dental caries risk (weighted TPM P = 0.0007; no pooled effect estimate; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

rs1126478, co-dominant model (GA genotype) vs GG or AA genotype

Dental caries · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls)

rs1126478 showed no significant association with dental caries under a co-dominant model (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.32; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

LTF rs11716497 variant vs Reference allele/genotype

Dental caries · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls)

LTF rs11716497 showed no significant association with dental caries in a single study (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.21; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

LTF rs1126477 variant vs Reference allele/genotype

Dental caries · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls)

LTF rs11216477 was significantly associated with dental caries in a single study (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.29; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

rs1126478, additive (per-allele) model vs A allele

Dental caries · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls)

The additive-model association remained non-significant after excluding the adult-data study (OR 1.47, 95% CI 0.92 to 2.35; ungraded).

2 findings from 1 review

G allele of LTF rs1126478 vs A allele

Dental caries · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls)

rs1126478 showed no significant association with dental caries under an allelic model (OR 1.41, 95% CI 0.48 to 4.13; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

GG genotype of LTF rs1126478 vs GA+AA genotypes

Dental caries · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls)

rs1126478 showed no significant association with dental caries under a recessive model (OR 1.55, 95% CI 0.44 to 5.38; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

AG + GG genotype (G-allele carriers) of LTF rs1126478 vs AA genotype

Dental caries · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls)

rs1126478 showed no significant association with dental caries under a dominant model (OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.43 to 4.03; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

LTF rs6441989 variant vs Reference allele/genotype

Dental caries · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls)

LTF rs6441989 showed no significant association with dental caries in a single study (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.14; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

LTF rs2073495 variant vs Reference allele/genotype

Dental caries · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls)

LTF rs2073495 showed no significant association with dental caries in a single study (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.15; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Male sex vs Female sex

Dental caries susceptibility · Institutionalized orphan children (roughly 3 to 18 years)

Male institutionalized children had a marginally higher caries risk than females (RR 1.02), a non-significant difference (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review