Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

191 questions · 192 findings · 60 reviews

No studies found 43 · 22.4%GRADE not reported 14 · 7.3%Very low 54 · 28.1%Low 44 · 22.9%Moderate 28 · 14.6%High 9 · 4.7%

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

Perinatal (fetal and neonatal death) and later infant mortality · women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Lifestyle showed no clear difference in perinatal (fetal and neonatal death) and later infant mortality compared with control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intensive insulin therapy vs conventional insulin therapy

Death ‐ at 30 days after ICU admission, in total population randomised · critically ill patients

Intensive insulin therapy showed no clear difference in death ‐ at 30 days after ICU admission, in total population randomised compared with conventional insulin therapy (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP plus ZDV dual regimen administered to infants for 14 weeks vs sdNVP plus ZDV (1 week)

HIV Transmission or Death at 24 months among those uninfected at birth · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP plus ZDV regimen administered to infants for 14 weeks probably leads to lower HIV Transmission or Death at 24 months among those uninfected at birth compared with sdNVP plus ZDV (1 week) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP plus ZDV dual regimen administered to infants for 14 weeks vs an extended NVP regimen administered to infants

HIV Transmission or Death at 24 months among those uninfected at birth · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP plus ZDV dual regimen administered to infants for 14… showed no clear difference in HIV Transmission or Death at 24 months among those uninfected at birth compared with an extended NVP regimen administered to infants (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intensive insulin therapy vs conventional insulin therapy

Death ‐ at 180 days after ICU admission, in total population randomised · critically ill patients

Intensive insulin therapy showed no clear difference in death ‐ at 180 days after ICU admission, in total population… compared with conventional insulin therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 14 weeks vs sdNVP plus ZDV (1 week)

HIV Transmission or Death at 24 months among those uninfected at birth · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 14 weeks probably leads to lower HIV Transmission or Death at 24 months among those uninfected at… compared with sdNVP plus ZDV (1week) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Plastic wrap or bag vs usual care

Mortality (death within hospital stay or at 6 months' corrected gestation) · preterm or low birth weight infants

Plastic wrap or bag showed no clear difference in mortality (death within hospital stay or at 6 months' corrected… compared with routine care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

Composite outcome in infant (death, shoulder dystocia, nerve palsy, bone fracture) · women with gestational diabetes mellitus

It is very uncertain whether lifestyle changes composite outcome in infant (death, shoulder dystocia, nerve palsy,… compared with control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐ vs specialist‐led care

Adverse events ‐ death from suicide during intervention (RR > 1 denotes greater risk)Â · people with severe mental disorders

It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐ changes adverse events ‐ death from suicide during intervention (RR > 1… compared with specialist‐led care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Impulsive lifestyle counselling + treatment‐as‐usual vs usual care

Adverse events: death Assessed by: number of participant deaths between a 3‐ and 9‐month · adults with antisocial personality disorder

It is very uncertain whether impulsive lifestyle counselling + treatment‐as‐usual changes adverse events: death Assessed by: number of participant deaths… compared with treatment‐as‐usual alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended antiretroviral regimen administered to mothers for 28 weeks vs 1 week of antiretroviral prophylaxis

HIV transmission or death at 28 weeks among those whose diagnostic test was negative at 2 weeks · HIV‐infected mothers and their breastfeeding infants

An extended antiretroviral regimen administered to mothers for 28… probably leads to lower HIV transmission or death at 28 weeks among those whose diagnostic… compared with 1 week of antiretroviral prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 28 weeks vs 1 week of antiretroviral prophylaxis

HIV transmission or death at 28 weeks among those whose diagnostic test was negative at 2 weeks · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 28 weeks probably leads to lower HIV transmission or death at 28 weeks among those whose diagnostic… compared with 1 week of antiretroviral prophylaxis (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended antiretroviral regimen administered to mothers for 28 weeks vs an extended NVP regimen administered to infants

HIV transmission or death at 28 weeks among those whose diagnostic test was negative at 2 weeks · HIV‐infected mothers and their breastfeeding infants

An extended antiretroviral regimen administered to mothers for 28… showed no clear difference in HIV transmission or death at 28 weeks among those whose diagnostic… compared with an extended NVP regimen administered to infants (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial risk management ('Resettle' programme) vs usual care

Death during study period · adults with antisocial personality disorder

It is very uncertain whether psychosocial risk management ('Resettle' programme) changes adverse events: death during the study period Timing of assessment:… compared with treatment‐as‐usual (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Physical activity vs usual care

Overall survival (time interval between enrolment in the study and death of the person from any cause) · adults with non‐advanced colorectal cancer treated surgically or with neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy, or both

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 6 weeks vs sdNVP

HIV Transmission or Death at 6 months among those whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative within 7 days of birth · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 6 weeks probably leads to lower HIV Transmission or Death at 6 months among those whose HIV… compared with sdNVP (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended ZDV/3TC/LPV/r regimen administered to mothers vs Short‐Course AZT (intrapartum AZT/3TC/sd‐NVP)

HIV transmission or Death at 6 months among those whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative at 6 weeks after birth · HIV‐infected mothers and their breastfeeding infants

An extended ZDV/3TC/LPV/r regimen administered to mothers showed no clear difference in HIV transmission or Death at 6 months among those whose HIV… compared with short course ZDV (intrapartum ZDV/3TC/sdNVP) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 6 weeks vs sdNVP

HIV Transmission or Death at 12 months among those whose HIV diagnostic testing was negative within 7 days of birth · Breastfeeding infants of HIV‐infected mothers

An extended NVP regimen administered to infants for 6 weeks showed no clear difference in HIV Transmission or Death at 12 months among those whose HIV… compared with sdNVP (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review