Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

191 questions · 192 findings · 60 reviews

No studies found 43 · 22.4%GRADE not reported 14 · 7.3%Very low 54 · 28.1%Low 44 · 22.9%Moderate 28 · 14.6%High 9 · 4.7%

COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY + MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING vs usual care

Adverse event: Death · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

Cognitive behavioural therapy + motivational interviewing showed no clear difference in adverse event: Death compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine vs placebo

Death ‐ not reported · patients with requirement of prophylaxis to avoid allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine led to lower death ‐ not reported compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydrammine vs placebo (Unit of randomisation: transfusion)

Death ‐ not reported · patients with requirement of prophylaxis to avoid allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydrammine led to lower death ‐ not reported compared with placebo (Unit of randomisation: transfusion); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review