What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

The intervention leads to lower all‐cause mortality at 10 days‐ short‐term treatment (high certainty).

• Effect of early treatment with anti‐hypertensive drugs on short and long‐term mortality in patients with an acute… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.86, 0.97]
  6 studies · 78178 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention leads to lower all‐cause mortality at 10 days ‐ short‐term treatment (high certainty).

• Effect of early treatment with anti‐hypertensive drugs on short and long‐term mortality in patients with an acute… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.87, 0.98]
  10 studies · 84311 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality at 10 days ‐ short‐term treatment (high certainty).

• Effect of early treatment with anti‐hypertensive drugs on short and long‐term mortality in patients with an acute… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.91, 1.02]
  14 studies · 71457 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes all‐cause mortality at 10 days ‐ short‐term treatment (very low certainty).

• Effect of early treatment with anti‐hypertensive drugs on short and long‐term mortality in patients with an acute… 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.73, 1.38]
  15 studies · 1900 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) vs moderate NMB

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) changes all‐cause mortality short‐term compared with moderate NMB (very low certainty).

• Deep neuromuscular blockade in adults undergoing an abdominal laparoscopic procedure 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 7.22 [0.45, 115.43]
  12 studies · 1390 participants
  Very low

Outpatient vs inpatient treatment

• Outpatient versus inpatient treatment for acute pulmonary embolism 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 453 participants
  Low
• Outpatient versus inpatient treatment for acute pulmonary embolism 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.98]
  2 studies · 453 participants
  Low

Pharmacological treatment vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Pharmacological treatment changes all‐cause mortality ‐ short term compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with coronary artery disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.38 [0.1, 1.47]
  2 studies · 437 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs control

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Psychological treatment changes all‐cause mortality ‐ short‐term compared with control (very low certainty).

• Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with coronary artery disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.31 [0.05, 2.02]
  2 studies · 324 participants
  Very low

Transradial vs transfemoral approach

Transradial leads to lower short‐term all‐cause mortality compared with transfemoral approach (high certainty).

• Transradial versus transfemoral approach for diagnostic coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention in… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.77 [0.62, 0.95]
  10 studies · 18955 participants
  High

Summary of findings for the main comparison. Implantable loop recorder vs conventional diagnostic workup

• Implantable loop recorder versus conventional diagnostic workup for unexplained recurrent syncope 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Cells vs no cells

Cells showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality ‐ short‐term compared with no cells (moderate certainty).

• Stem cell treatment for acute myocardial infarction 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.8 [0.43, 1.49]
  17 studies · 1365 participants
  Moderate

Enoximone vs dobutamine

It is very uncertain whether enoximone changes all‐cause short‐term mortality: 1 month compared with dobutamine (very low certainty).

• Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.21 [0.01, 4.11]
  1 study · 37 participants
  Very low

Levosimendan vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Levosimendan vs enoximone

It is very uncertain whether levosimendan changes all‐cause short‐term mortality: 30 days compared with enoximone (very low certainty).

• Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.5 [0.22, 1.14]
  1 study · 32 participants
  Very low

Epinephrine vs norepinephrine‐dobutamine

It is very uncertain whether epinephrine changes all‐cause short‐term mortality: 28 days compared with norepinephrine‐dobutamine (very low certainty).

• Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.25 [0.41, 3.77]
  1 study · 30 participants
  Very low

Epinephrine vs norepinephrine

It is very uncertain whether epinephrine changes all‐cause short‐term mortality: 28 days compared with norepinephrine (very low certainty).

• Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.81 [0.89, 3.68]
  1 study · 57 participants
  Very low

Dopexamine vs dopamine

It is very uncertain whether dopexamine changes all‐cause short‐term mortality: time in hospital compared with dopamine (very low certainty).

• Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 70 participants
  Very low

Pharmacological treatment vs pharmacological treatment 2

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Pharmacological treatment 1 changes all‐cause mortality ‐ short term (end of treatment) compared with pharmacological treatment 2 (very low certainty).

• Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with coronary artery disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 2.72 [0.51, 14.49]
  1 study · 149 participants
  Very low

Levosimendan vs dobutamine

Levosimendan showed no clear difference in all‐cause short‐term mortality: range 15 to 31 days compared with dobutamine (low certainty).

• Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.6 [0.36, 1.03]
  4 studies · 1701 participants
  Low

Dopamine‐milrinone vs dopamine‐dobutamine

It is very uncertain whether dopamine‐milrinone changes all‐cause short‐term mortality: at intensive care unit compared with dopamine‐dobutamine (very low certainty).

• Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.34, 2.93]
  1 study · 20 participants
  Very low