What do systematic reviews say?

Amiodarone vs beta‐blocker

Amiodarone may leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with beta blockers (low certainty).

• Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.27 [0.1, 0.75]
  2 studies · 342 participants
  Low

Amiodarone vs other antiarrhythmics

Amiodarone probably leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with other antiarrhythmics (moderate certainty).

• Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.37 [0.18, 0.76]
  3 studies · 540 participants
  Moderate

Amiodarone vs placebo or no treatment

It is very uncertain whether amiodarone changes all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

• Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.05 [1.33, 7.01]
  2 studies · 440 participants
  Very low

Intervention vs active comparison

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Tailored or adapted interventions for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and at least one other… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Low molecular weight heparin vs no prophylaxis

• Interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in adults undergoing knee arthroscopy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 1978 participants
  GRADE not reported

Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care

It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring plus usual care changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with usual care (very low certainty).

• Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.99 [0.62, 1.58]
  7 studies · 927 participants
  Very low

Remote monitoring vs usual care

It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with usual care (very low certainty).

• Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.68 [0.37, 1.25]
  6 studies · 798 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Comparison 3 ‐ deferiprone (DFP) vs deferasirox (DFX)

Summary of findings: Comparison 3 ‐ deferiprone (DFP) showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (n/N) compared with deferasirox (DFX) (low certainty).

• Interventions for improving adherence to iron chelation therapy in people with sickle cell disease or thalassaemia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RD 0
  1 study · 390 participants
  Low

Family therapy vs psychological interventions

• Family therapy approaches for anorexia nervosa 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) vs placebo or no prophylaxis

Proton pump inhibitors showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.09 [0.6, 1.99]
  3 studies · 258 participants
  Low

Antacids vs placebo or no prophylaxis

Antacids showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.53, 1.96]
  2 studies · 300 participants
  Low

Sucralfate vs placebo or no prophylaxis

Sucralfate showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.97 [0.66, 1.43]
  5 studies · 500 participants
  Low

H2 receptor antagonists vs proton pump inhibitors

H2 receptor antagonists showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with proton pump inhibitors (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.78, 1.19]
  12 studies · 1564 participants
  Low

H2 receptor antagonists vs antacids

It is very uncertain whether H2 receptor antagonists changes all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with antacids (very low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.66, 1.55]
  11 studies · 1321 participants
  Very low

H2 receptor antagonists vs sucralfate

H2 receptor antagonists showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with sucralfate (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.09 [0.95, 1.24]
  21 studies · 3178 participants
  Low

Antacids vs sucralfate

Antacids showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with sucralfate (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.15 [0.93, 1.4]
  11 studies · 1249 participants
  Low

H2 receptor antagonists vs placebo or no prophylaxis

H2 receptor antagonists showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).

• Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.12 [0.88, 1.42]
  14 studies · 1428 participants
  Low

Intervention vs usual care

It is very uncertain whether intervention changes all‐cause mortality (deaths) Â compared with usual care (very low certainty).

• Tailored or adapted interventions for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and at least one other… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.55 [0.23, 1.35]
  2 studies · 177 participants
  Very low

Pharmacological treatment vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Pharmacological treatment changes all‐cause mortality ‐ short term compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with coronary artery disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.38 [0.1, 1.47]
  2 studies · 437 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Psychological interventions vs control

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Psychological treatment changes all‐cause mortality ‐ short‐term compared with control (very low certainty).

• Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with coronary artery disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.31 [0.05, 2.02]
  2 studies · 324 participants
  Very low