Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

69 questions · 69 findings · 17 reviews · Kidney and Transplant

No studies found 9 · 13%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 24 · 34.8%Low 23 · 33.3%Moderate 12 · 17.4%High 1 · 1.4%

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Adverse events: malignancy · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether immunosuppressive treatment changes adverse events: malignancy at final compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Adverse events: infection at 3 years · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

It is very uncertain whether immunosuppressive treatment changes adverse events: infection at 3 years compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Adverse events ‐ temporary or permanent discontinuation/hospitalisation at final · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Immunosuppressive treatment probably leads to higher adverse events: temporary/permanent discontinuation or… compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rituximab/cyclosporin/prednisolone vs cyclosporin/prednisolone

Adverse effects of antibiotics (skin rash) · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

It is very uncertain whether rituximab/cyclosporin/prednisolone changes adverse events: skin rash compared with cyclosporin/prednisolone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rituximab/cyclosporin/prednisolone vs cyclosporin/prednisolone

Adverse events: hypotension · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

It is very uncertain whether rituximab/cyclosporin/prednisolone changes adverse events: hypotension compared with cyclosporin/prednisolone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rituximab/cyclosporin/prednisolone vs cyclosporin/prednisolone

Adverse events: mild dyspnoea · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

It is very uncertain whether rituximab/cyclosporin/prednisolone changes adverse events: mild dyspnoea compared with cyclosporin/prednisolone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rituximab/cyclosporin/prednisolone vs cyclosporin/prednisolone

Adverse events: bronchospasm/treatment discontinued · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

It is very uncertain whether rituximab/cyclosporin/prednisolone changes adverse events: bronchospasm/treatment discontinued compared with cyclosporin/prednisolone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review