Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

63 questions · 63 findings · 26 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 18 · 28.6%GRADE not reported 4 · 6.3%Very low 23 · 36.5%Low 11 · 17.5%Moderate 5 · 7.9%High 2 · 3.2%

Antidepressants vs placebo

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 1.14) · people with stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions (antidepressants) changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment Analysis 1.12 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table – disulfiram vs placebo or no pharmacological treatment

Dropouts due to adverse events · patients with the treatment of cocaine dependence

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table – disulfiram changes dropout due to adverse events (number of participants who did not… compared with placebo or no pharmacological treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery vs preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery

Adverse events · adults with growth‐hormone secreting pituitary adenomas

It is very uncertain whether surgery alone changes adverse events compared with preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 1.14) · people with stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 2.16) compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review