Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

193 questions · 195 findings · 93 reviews

No studies found 39 · 20%GRADE not reported 18 · 9.2%Very low 50 · 25.6%Low 40 · 20.5%Moderate 33 · 16.9%High 15 · 7.7%

Non‐platinum single‐agent vs non‐platinum combination treatment

Safety (AE, adverse drug reaction): thrombocytopenia Grades 3 or 4 according to National Cancer Institute · non‐small cell lung cancer in the elderly population

It is very uncertain whether non‐platinum single‐agent changes grade 3 and 4 hematological adverse events (AE) ‐ thrombocytopenia compared with non‐platinum combination treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component intervention vs other treatments/routine care

Number of participants experiencing any serious adverse events · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Multi‐component intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events: number of people experiencing a serious adverse event compared with other intervention or routine, usual care or control treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis (Cragg® catheter) vs pulse spray technique

Minor adverse events · thrombosed haemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas and grafts

It is very uncertain whether pharmacomechanical thrombolysis (Cragg® catheter) changes minor adverse events compared with pulse spray technique (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis (Cragg® catheter) vs pulse spray technique

Major adverse events · thrombosed haemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas and grafts

It is very uncertain whether pharmacomechanical thrombolysis (Cragg® catheter) changes major adverse events compared with pulse spray technique (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Major adverse events · for effects on cramps, people (other than pregnant women) with muscle cramps (largely older adults); for adverse events, all populations

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes major adverse events (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Minor adverse events · for effects on cramps, people (other than pregnant women) with muscle cramps (largely older adults); for adverse events, all populations

The intervention showed no clear difference in minor adverse events (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Non‐fatal, serious adverse pneumonia events (requiring hospital admission) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The intervention leads to higher non‐fatal, serious adverse pneumonia events (requiring hospital… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Non‐fatal, serious adverse pneumonia events (requiring hospital admission) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The intervention showed no clear difference in non‐fatal, serious adverse pneumonia events (requiring hospital… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: Inhaled antibiotics plus IV antibiotics vs IV antibiotics

Adverse events (moderate) · adults and children with cystic fibrosis (during acute exacerbations of lung disease)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Inhaled antibiotics plus IV antibiotics changes adverse events moderate adverse events experienced during and after… compared with IV antibiotics only (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs placebo

Adverse events (not including serious adverse events): number of participants · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol showed no clear difference in adverse events (not including serious adverse events): number of… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Quinolone vs macrolides

Quality of life Drug resistance/microbial sensitivity Serious adverse events Lung function Hospitalisations Adverse events/side effects Number of participants colonised with P aeruginosa · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review