Riluzole vs placebo
Severe adverse events attributable to treatment · children with SMA type I
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted1 study · 10 participantsVery low
Findings
What do systematic reviews say?
1,514 questions · 1,543 findings · 649 reviews
No studies found 224 · 14.5%GRADE not reported 105 · 6.8%Very low 383 · 24.8%Low 447 · 29%Moderate 293 · 19%High 91 · 5.9%
Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) vs placebo
Withdrawals due to adverse events · patients with fibromyalgia
Serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors may leads to higher tolerability (withdrawal due to adverse events) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) for fibromyalgia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRD 0.07 [0.04, 0.1]15 studies · 7029 participantsLow
Cannabis‐based medicines vs placebo
Specific adverse events:nervous system disorder · adults with chronic neuropathic pain
1 finding from 1 review
- Cannabis‐based medicines for chronic neuropathic pain in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted9 studies · 1304 participantsLow
Mirtazapine vs placebo
Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults with fibromyalgia
Mirtazapine showed no clear difference in tolerability: withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RD 0.013 studies · 606 participantsLow
Botulinum neurotoxin B vs placebo
Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults with cervical dystonia
Botulinum neurotoxin B showed no clear difference in proportion of withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.88 [0.19, 4.06]4 studies · 440 participantsLow
Topical NSAIDs vs topical placebo
All topical NSAIDs Withdrawals ‐ adverse events · adults with strains, sprains, or muscle pull
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted42 studies · 5790 participantsHigh
Oral diazepam vs placebo
Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review
- Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes15 daysRoldan et al 1990 (diazepam) reported adverse effects. Per the review's Adverse effects of interventions section: 'All but one study (Lobo et al 2004) reported adverse effects. Most of the reported adverse effects were…1 study · 41 participantsGRADE not reported
Oral diclofenac sodium (NSAID) vs placebo
Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review
- Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes2 weeksEkberg et al 1996 (diclofenac) reported adverse effects. Per the review's Adverse effects of interventions section: 'All but one study (Lobo et al 2004) reported adverse effects. Most of the reported adverse effects…1 study · 32 participantsGRADE not reported
Oral cyclobenzaprine (muscle relaxant) vs placebo
Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review
- Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes3 weeksHerman et al 2002 (cyclobenzaprine) reported adverse effects. Per the review's Adverse effects of interventions section: 'All but one study (Lobo et al 2004) reported adverse effects. Most of the reported adverse…1 study · 41 participantsGRADE not reported
Naproxen vs placebo
Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review
- Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes6 weeksTa and Dionne 2004 (naproxen) reported adverse effects. Per the review: 'All but one study (Lobo et al 2004) reported adverse effects. Most of the reported adverse effects were mild and similar to the adverse effects…1 study · 68 participantsGRADE not reported
Oral celecoxib (COX-2 inhibitor) vs placebo
Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review
- Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes6 weeksTa and Dionne 2004 (celecoxib) reported adverse effects. Per the review: 'All but one study (Lobo et al 2004) reported adverse effects. Most of the reported adverse effects were mild and similar to the adverse effects…1 study · 68 participantsGRADE not reported
Piroxicam vs placebo
Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review
- Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes15 daysRoldan et al 1990 (piroxicam) reported adverse effects. Per the review's Adverse effects of interventions section: 'All but one study (Lobo et al 2004) reported adverse effects. Most of the reported adverse effects…1 study · 41 participantsGRADE not reported
Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo
Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review
- Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes8 daysRossi et al 1983 (prazepam) reported adverse effects. Per the review's Adverse effects of interventions section: 'All but one study (Lobo et al 2004) reported adverse effects. Most of the reported adverse effects were…1 study · 83 participantsGRADE not reported
Alpha‐lipoic acid vs placebo
Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with DPN
Alpha‐lipoic acid showed no clear difference in adverse events leading to cessation of treatment compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.48 [0.5, 4.35]3 studies · 1090 participantsModerate
Corticosteroids vs placebo
Withdrawals due to adverse events · inactive EoE patients
Corticosteroids may leads to lower withdrawals due to adverse events 12 to 50 weeks compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.37 [0.16, 0.87]3 studies · 280 participantsLow
Biologics vs placebo
Withdrawals due to adverse events · active EoE patients
Biologics showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events 12 to 44 weeks compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.55 [0.88, 2.74]8 studies · 792 participantsLow
Topical clonidine (TC) vs placebo
Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults with painful diabetic neuropathy
Topical clonidine (TC) showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events during longest compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.34 [0.04, 3.18]1 study · 179 participantsLow
Nebulised magnesium sulfate + standard care vs placebo + standard care
Proportion of people with serious adverse events · acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- Magnesium sulfate for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
Intravenous magnesium sulfate + standard care vs placebo + standard care
Proportion of people with serious adverse events · acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
1 finding from 1 review
- Magnesium sulfate for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted1 study · 77 participantsGRADE not reported
RISPERIDONE vs placebo
Adverse events including extrapyramidal effects · terminally ill adults with delirium
Summary of findings: risperidone showed no clear difference in adverse events including extrapyramidal effectsd compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- MD 0.731 study · 111 participantsLow