Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,228 questions · 1,245 findings · 383 reviews

No studies found 403 · 32.4%GRADE not reported 128 · 10.3%Very low 385 · 30.9%Low 232 · 18.6%Moderate 81 · 6.5%High 16 · 1.3%

Pegloticase every two weeks (biweekly) vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · participants with tophi in gout

Pegloticase every two weeks (biweekly) probably leads to higher number of participant withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Breastfeeding (post cleft-lip surgery) vs Spoon-feeding

Adverse events (wound dehiscence; lip scar hypertrophy) · Infants up to 6 months (from term) born with cleft lip, cleft palate or cleft lip and palate (Pierre Robin sequence or other syndromes…
1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitor vs IV cyclophosphamide

Discontinuation of medication due to adverse events · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

Calcineurin inhibitor probably leads to lower adverse events: medications ceased due to adverse events compared with IV cyclophosphamide (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Locking plate vs locking intramedullary nail

Adverse events: number of participants with complications · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)

It is very uncertain whether locking plate changes adverse events: number of participants with complications compared with locking intramedullary nail (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) vs hemiarthroplasty

Adverse events: number of participants with complications · adults undergoing surgery for displaced proximal humeral fracturesa (2 trials)

It is very uncertain whether reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) changes adverse events: number of participants with complications compared with hemiarthroplasty (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single‐fraction radiotherapy (8 Gy) vs short‐course radiotherapy (16 Gy

Adverse events Grade 3 oesophagitis, diarrhoea and nausea · adults with metastatic extradural spinal cord compression (poor prognosis with visceral metastasis, and no spinal instability or bony…

Single‐fraction radiotherapy (8 Gy) showed no clear difference in adverse events Grade 3 oesophagitis, diarrhoea and nausea compared with short‐course radiotherapy (16 Gy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review