Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

196 questions · 197 findings · 80 reviews

No studies found 45 · 22.8%GRADE not reported 15 · 7.6%Very low 42 · 21.3%Low 49 · 24.9%Moderate 36 · 18.3%High 10 · 5.1%

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to healthcare workers, with or without the same intervention given to the patients with COVID-19 vs No treatment or saline or water

Other adverse events (allergy, irritation/burning of nasal, oral or oropharyngeal mucosa, long-term staining of mucous membranes or teeth, accidental ingestion) · Healthcare workers (HCWs) treating patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), any concentration, frequency or dosage vs No treatment or saline or water

Other adverse events (allergy, irritation/burning of nasal, oral or oropharyngeal mucosa, long-term staining of mucous membranes or teeth, accidental ingestion) · Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to the patient or HCW before and/or after an AGP vs No treatment or saline or water

Other adverse events (allergy, irritation/burning of nasal, oral or oropharyngeal mucosa, long-term staining of mucous membranes or teeth, accidental ingestion) · Patients without suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs), and the healthcare workers…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 vs placebo

Serious adverse events "Defined as events that result in death, hospitalization, prolongation of hospitalization, or are life threatening (based on the judgment of the study physician)" (Quinn 2010) · Apathy in people with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease

Omega‐3 PUFA supplements showed no clear difference in serious adverse events "Defined as events that result in death,… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perineural vs intravenous dexamethasone

Incidence of serious adverse events (we used the NIH definition of adverse events. A serious event includes death, a life‐threatening event that requires hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization, disability or congenital anomaly) · peripheral nerve block

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Perineural dexamethasone vs placebo

Incidence of serious adverse events (we used the NIH definition of adverse events. A serious event includes death, a life‐threatening event that requires hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization, disability or congenital anomaly) · participants undergoing surgery with peripheral nerve block
1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous dexamethasone vs placebo

Incidence of serious adverse events (we used the NIH definition of adverse events. A serious event includes death, a life‐threatening event that requires hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization, disability or congenital anomaly) · participants undergoing surgery with peripheral nerve block

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ibuprofen vs paracetamol

Serious adverse events, defined as any medical event at any dose that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation (or prolongation of existing hospitalisation) or results in permanent damage or disability (FDA 2016) · children with acute postoperative pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ibuprofen vs morphine

Serious adverse events, defined as any medical event at any dose that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation (or prolongation of existing hospitalisation) or results in permanent damage or disability (FDA 2016) · children with acute postoperative pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ibuprofen vs ketorolac

Serious adverse events, defined as any medical event at any dose that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation (or prolongation of existing hospitalisation) or results in permanent damage or disability (FDA 2016) · children with acute postoperative pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ibuprofen vs placebo

Serious adverse events, defined as any medical event at any dose that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation (or prolongation of existing hospitalisation) or results in permanent damage or disability (FDA 2016) · children with acute postoperative pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Discontinuation by "tapering" vs usual family planning care

Adverse events · participants with depressive or anxiety disorders

It is very uncertain whether discontinuation by "tapering" changes adverse events compared with continuation (or usual care) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review