Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

891 questions · 902 findings · 317 reviews

No studies found 210 · 23.3%GRADE not reported 56 · 6.2%Very low 236 · 26.2%Low 220 · 24.4%Moderate 146 · 16.2%High 34 · 3.8%

Combination chemotherapy vs single‐agent chemotherapy

Toxicity ‐ early adverse events G3/4 · people with resectable stage II and III rectal cancer undergoing preoperative chemoradiation followed by surgery

Combination chemotherapy probably leads to higher toxicity ‐ early adverse events G3/4 compared with single‐agent chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any cold therapy vs no cold therapy following total knee replacement

Adverse events Adverse events included discomfort, local skin reactions, superficial infections, cold induced injuries and thrombolytic events · people undergoing total knee replacement

It is very uncertain whether any cold therapy changes total adverse eventsAdverse events included discomfort, local skin… compared with no cold therapy following total knee replacement (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy vs chemotherapy alone

Serious adverse events · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma

It is very uncertain whether chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy changes serious adverse events compared with chemotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Adverse events: hypertension · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer

Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy probably leads to higher specific adverse events: hypertension compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cediranib plus chemotherapy vs placebo plus chemotherapy

Specific adverse events: serious haemorrhage · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer

It is very uncertain whether cediranib plus chemotherapy changes specific adverse events: serious haemorrhage compared with placebo plus chemotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cediranib plus chemotherapy vs placebo plus chemotherapy

Specific adverse events: serioushypertension · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer

It is very uncertain whether cediranib plus chemotherapy changes specific adverse events: serioushypertension compared with placebo plus chemotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Specific allergen immunotherapy vs no immunotherapy

Any systemic reactions during therapy · adults and children with atopic eczema and inhalant allergen sensitisation

Specific allergen immunotherapy showed no clear difference in adverse events ‐ any systemic reaction compared with no immunotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Biological therapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment

Any adverse events · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma

Biological therapy showed no clear difference in any adverse events compared with placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Specific adverse events: serious haemorrhage · women with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer

Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy may leads to higher specific adverse events: serious haemorrhage compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review