Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

95 questions · 95 findings · 47 reviews

No studies found 25 · 26.3%GRADE not reported 11 · 11.6%Very low 22 · 23.2%Low 21 · 22.1%Moderate 10 · 10.5%High 6 · 6.3%

Antihistamines vs placebo

Adverse effects: 1. Sedation · patients with motion sickness

Antihistamines may leads to higher adverse effects: sedation Assessed by: adverse effect questionnaire… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihistamines vs placebo

Adverse effects ‐ Blurred vision No of patients with blurred vision · patients with motion sickness

Antihistamines showed no clear difference in adverse effects: blurred vision Assessed by: adverse effect… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihistamines vs placebo

Adverse effects: impaired cognition Assessed by: adverse effect questionnaire (presence or absence given numerical values) · patients with motion sickness

Antihistamines showed no clear difference in adverse effects: impaired cognition Assessed by: adverse effect… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Targeted mass media intervention vs targeted mass media intervention plus personalised content

Adverse effects · adult, ethnic minority groups: Latino immigrants, elderly Chinese immigrants, self‐described Americans of African heritage

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral miltefosine (50 mg for 28 days) vs 28 days on/off placebo regimen

Adverse effects (number of participants who had the event) · People with American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

Oral miltefosine (50 mg for 28 days) probably leads to higher adverse effects (number of participants who had the event) compared with placebo (same regimen) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral miltefosine (1.2 to 3.3 mg/kg/d 28 days) vs meglumine antimoniate (20 mg/kg 20 days)

Adverse effects (number of participants who had the event) · People with American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

Oral miltefosine (1.2 to 3.3 mg/kg/d 28 days) probably leads to higher adverse effects (number of participants who had the event) compared with meglumine antimoniate (20 mg/kg 20 days) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Meglumine antimoniate (IMMA) (20 mg/kg/d for 20 days) vs placebo (3 tablets/4 times a day

Risk for at least one adverse event per patient · People with American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

Meglumine antimoniate (IMMA) (20 mg/kg/d for 20 days) probably leads to higher adverse effects (number of participants who had at least one adverse… compared with placebo (3 tablets/4 times a day (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review