Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

196 questions · 221 findings · 67 reviews

No studies found 33 · 14.9%GRADE not reported 86 · 38.9%Very low 53 · 24%Low 25 · 11.3%Moderate 19 · 8.6%High 5 · 2.3%

Orthodontic treatment with appliances inducing stable, permanent orthodontic tooth movement (splints worn 8 to 12 weeks and surgical interventions excluded) vs Control: no treatment, placebo, or reassurance

Adverse effects on oral health · Adults aged 18 years or older with clinically diagnosed TMD (exhibiting two or more of the listed signs and/or symptoms)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral miltefosine (50 mg for 28 days) vs 28 days on/off placebo regimen

Adverse effects (number of participants who had the event) · People with American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

Oral miltefosine (50 mg for 28 days) probably leads to higher adverse effects (number of participants who had the event) compared with placebo (same regimen) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral aciclovir (short‐term) vs placebo

Adverse effects during use of the preventative intervention ‐ aciclovir 800 mg twice daily · participants with recurrent herpes labialis

Oral aciclovir (short‐term) showed no clear difference in adverse effects during use of the preventative intervention ‐… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral aciclovir (short‐term) vs placebo

Adverse effects during use of the preventative intervention ‐ aciclovir 400 mg twice daily · participants with recurrent herpes labialis

Oral aciclovir (short‐term) showed no clear difference in adverse effects during use of the preventative intervention ‐… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral glucosamine hydrochloride/chondroitin sulphate vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral miltefosine (1.2 to 3.3 mg/kg/d 28 days) vs meglumine antimoniate (20 mg/kg 20 days)

Adverse effects (number of participants who had the event) · People with American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

Oral miltefosine (1.2 to 3.3 mg/kg/d 28 days) probably leads to higher adverse effects (number of participants who had the event) compared with meglumine antimoniate (20 mg/kg 20 days) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Orthodontic distalising appliance (intraoral or extraoral) vs no intervention

Adverse effects (headgear injuries, gum health, tooth damage/decay, root resorption) · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or less at the start of treatment) undergoing orthodontic treatment to distalise upper first…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Full-time clear plastic (removable) retainer vs Any type of fixed (bonded) retainer

Adverse effects on oral health: caries (lower arch) · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment

It is very uncertain whether full-time clear plastic (removable) retainer changes adverse effects on oral health: caries (lower arch) compared with any type of fixed (bonded) retainer (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Part-time clear plastic (removable) retainer vs Any type of fixed (bonded) retainer

Adverse effects on oral health: Gingival Index (lower arch) · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment

It is very uncertain whether part-time clear plastic (removable) retainer changes adverse effects on oral health: Gingival Index (lower arch) compared with any type of fixed (bonded) retainer (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CAD/CAM nitinol fixed (bonded) retainer vs Multistrand / spiral wire fixed (bonded) retainer

Adverse effects on oral health: Gingival Index (lower arch) · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment

CAD/CAM nitinol fixed (bonded) retainer showed no clear difference in adverse effects on oral health: Gingival Index (lower arch) compared with conventional/analogue multistrand fixed (bonded) retainer (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fibre-reinforced composite fixed (bonded) retainer vs Multistrand / spiral wire fixed (bonded) retainer

Adverse effects on oral health: Gingival Index (lower arch) · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Full-time clear plastic (removable) retainer vs Any type of fixed (bonded) retainer

Adverse effects on oral health: gingival bleeding (lower arch) · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment

It is very uncertain whether full-time clear plastic (removable) retainer changes adverse effects on oral health: gingival bleeding (lower arch) compared with any type of fixed (bonded) retainer (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fibre-reinforced composite fixed (bonded) retainer vs Multistrand / spiral wire fixed (bonded) retainer

Adverse effects on oral health: bleeding on probing (lower arch) · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

CAD/CAM nitinol fixed (bonded) retainer vs Multistrand / spiral wire fixed (bonded) retainer

Adverse effects on oral health: bleeding on probing (lower arch) · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects Oral glucose tolerance test (mg/dL) (at one year) · people with thalassaemia (any age)
1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal adjustment as an adjunct to surgical periodontal therapy vs Surgical periodontal therapy alone (no occlusal adjustment)

Adverse effects (e.g. thermal sensitivity, over-eruption, TMJ symptoms, poor aesthetics, reduced oral hygiene) · Adults with chronic periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal adjustment as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy vs Non-surgical periodontal therapy alone (no occlusal adjustment)

Adverse effects (e.g. thermal sensitivity, over-eruption, TMJ symptoms, poor aesthetics, reduced oral hygiene) · Adults with chronic periodontitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Topical fluoride therapy (toothpaste, mouthrinse, gel or varnish; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse effects (tooth staining/discoloration, oral soft-tissue signs, adverse symptoms such as nausea/vomiting, enamel etching) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
1 finding from 1 review