Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

634 questions · 675 findings · 72 reviews

No studies found 155 · 23%GRADE not reported 50 · 7.4%Very low 144 · 21.3%Low 166 · 24.6%Moderate 119 · 17.6%High 41 · 6.1%

Intensive glycaemic control vs conventional glucose control

Incidence of dementia · patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Intensive glycaemic control showed no clear difference in incidence of dementia (defined as dementia according to DSM‐IV) compared with standard glycaemic control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dose‐intensified chemotherapy vs ABVD‐like chemotherapy (with or without radiotherapy

Secondary malignant neoplasms · Patients with untreated Hodgkin lymphoma (advanced stages)

Dose‐intensified chemotherapy showed no clear difference in secondary malignant neoplasms compared with ABVD‐like chemotherapy (with or without radiotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dose‐intensified chemotherapy vs ABVD‐like chemotherapy (with or without radiotherapy

Death · Patients with untreated Hodgkin lymphoma (advanced stages)

Dose‐intensified chemotherapy showed no clear difference in death compared with ABVD‐like chemotherapy (with or without radiotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dose‐intensified chemotherapy vs ABVD‐like chemotherapy (with or without radiotherapy

Progression/relapse · Patients with untreated Hodgkin lymphoma (advanced stages)

Dose‐intensified chemotherapy probably leads to lower progression/relapse compared with ABVD‐like chemotherapy (with or without radiotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound vs control

Delayed or non‐union (medium term) · acute fractures in adults; included studies assessed effects in complete upper limb fractures (distal radius, clavicle, scaphoid,…

Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound showed no clear difference in delayed or non‐union (medium term) compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound vs control

Adverse events ‐ total of adverse events (Skin irritation) · acute fractures in adults; included studies assessed effects in complete upper limb fractures (distal radius, clavicle, scaphoid,…

It is very uncertain whether low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound changes adverse events Reported as skin irritation compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of extensive instructions vs simple instructions

PAR pass rate (%) ‐ Fit testing of foam earplugs (immediate) · workers exposed to noise using HPDs

Effects of extensive instructions probably leads to higher PAR pass rate (%) ‐ Fit testing of foam earplugs (immediate) compared with simple instructions (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review