Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

199 questions · 221 findings · 20 reviews

No studies found 53 · 24%GRADE not reported 11 · 5%Very low 99 · 44.8%Low 49 · 22.2%Moderate 6 · 2.7%High 3 · 1.4%

Antidepressants vs placebo

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 1.14) · people with stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions (antidepressants) changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment Analysis 1.12 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Incidence of depression ‐ short‐term: < 6 months · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes incidence of depression ‐ short‐term: < 6 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Incidence of depression ‐ medium term: 6‐12 months · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes incidence of depression ‐ medium‐term: 6‐12 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

acceptability ‐ drop‐outs due to adverse events: post‐intervention · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes acceptability ‐ drop‐outs due to adverse events: post‐intervention compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Acceptability · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes acceptability ‐ drop‐outs due to any cause: post‐intervention compared with placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Incidence of depression ‐ post‐intervention: 0 months · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes incidence of depression ‐ post‐intervention: 0 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care

Birth preferences: prefer caesarean section · women with fear of childbirth (tocophobia)

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) showed no clear difference in birth preferences: prefer caesarean section compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care

Epidural analgesia during labour · women with fear of childbirth (tocophobia)

Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) showed no clear difference in epidural analgesia during labour compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Visual interventions vs control

Activities of daily living · spatial neglect or inattention following stroke and other adult‐acquired non‐progressive brain injury

It is very uncertain whether visual interventions changes activities of daily living: effects persisting at least 1 month post… compared with any control (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review