Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,061 questions · 1,109 findings · 110 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 235 · 21.2%GRADE not reported 32 · 2.9%Very low 392 · 35.3%Low 261 · 23.5%Moderate 154 · 13.9%High 35 · 3.2%

Exercise vs no exercise at longest available follow‐up

Exercise capacity · adult patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adult patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 136 participants
Very low

Exercise vs no exercise

Exercise capacity · adult patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adult patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 1485 participants
Very low

Exercise vs no exercise

Adverse events due to exercise · rheumatoid arthritis of the hand

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise for rheumatoid arthritis of the hand 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 490 participants
Moderate

Exercise vs no exercise

Physical fitness: peak exercise oxygen uptake (mL/kg/minute) · people with Child‐Pugh stage A or B cirrhosis

1 finding from 1 review

Physical exercise for people with cirrhosis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 100 participants
Low

Exercise vs no exercise

Exercise capacity · adults with atrial fibrillation

2 findings from 1 review

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adults with atrial fibrillation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 359 participants
Very low
Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adults with atrial fibrillation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 208 participants
Moderate

Exercise vs no exercise

Exercise capacity · heart transplant recipients

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation in heart transplant recipients 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 284 participants
Moderate

Exercise vs control

Exercise capacity · people with pulmonary hypertension

2 findings from 1 review

Exercise‐based rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 418 participants
Low
Exercise‐based rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 314 participants
Low

Exercise vs control

Exercise capacity: peak power watts · people with pulmonary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based rehabilitation programmes for pulmonary hypertension 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 226 participants
Low

Exercise vs underwater PEP (uPEP; also known

Change in VO2 peak during maximal exercise · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise versus airway clearance techniques for people with cystic fibrosis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Exercise vs ACBT

Change in VO2 peak during maximal exercise · adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise versus airway clearance techniques for people with cystic fibrosis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Exercise vs no exercise

All‐cause mortality · adults after heart valve surgery

It is very uncertain whether exercise changes all‐cause mortality compared with no exercise (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.83 [0.26, 2.68]
2 studies · 131 participants
Very low

Exercise vs no exercise

Cardiovascular mortality · adults after heart valve surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Exercise vs no exercise

Hospitalisation (any cause) · adults after heart valve surgery

It is very uncertain whether exercise changes all‐cause hospitalisation compared with no exercise (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.72 [0.11, 65.56]
1 study · 122 participants
Very low

Exercise vs no exercise

HRQoL (SF‐12/36 mental component) at end of intervention · adults after heart valve surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 150 participants
Very low

Exercise vs no exercise

HRQoL (SF‐12/36 physical component) at end of intervention · adults after heart valve surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 150 participants
Very low

Exercise vs no exercise

HRQoL (SF‐12/36 mental component) at maximum · adults after heart valve surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 139 participants
Very low

Exercise vs no exercise

HRQoL (SF‐12/36 physical component) at maximum · adults after heart valve surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for adults after heart valve surgery 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 139 participants
Very low

Exercise vs no exercise

30‐Day mortality · adults with clinically diagnosed AAA deemed suitable for elective repair

It is very uncertain whether exercise changes 30‐day mortality compared with no exercise (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prehabilitation exercise therapy before elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.31, 5.77]
3 studies · 192 participants
Very low

Exercise vs no exercise

QoL · adults with clinically diagnosed AAA deemed suitable for elective repair

1 finding from 1 review

Prehabilitation exercise therapy before elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 53 participants
Low

Exercise vs no exercise

Perioperative and postoperative complications: cardiac complications · adults with clinically diagnosed AAA deemed suitable for elective repair

Exercise may leads to lower perioperative and postoperative complications: cardiac complications compared with no exercise (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prehabilitation exercise therapy before elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.36 [0.14, 0.92]
1 study · 124 participants
Low