Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

276 questions · 296 findings · 37 reviews

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No studies found 41 · 13.9%GRADE not reported 88 · 29.7%Very low 45 · 15.2%Low 74 · 25%Moderate 39 · 13.2%High 9 · 3%

Vitamin D plus calcium vs placebo

Adverse events: renal calculi · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in adverse events: renal calculi compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.49 [0.7, 3.17]
2 studies · 2931 participants
Moderate

Vitamin D plus calcium vs placebo

Incidence: all cancers · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in incidence: all cancers compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.73 [0.48, 1.11]
3 studies · 37061 participants
Low

Vitamin D plus calcium vs placebo

Mortality: all cancers · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.91 [0.78, 1.05]
1 study · 34670 participants
Moderate

Vitamin D plus calcium vs placebo

Mortality: all causes · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Formocresol (FC)

Radiological failure · Children with extensive decay involving the dental pulp in primary teeth

Calcium hydroxide (CH) probably leads to higher radiological failure compared with formocresol (FC) (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months
RR 1.86 [1.42, 2.44]
6 studies · 332 participants
Moderate
Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
24 months
RR 3.11 [1.61, 6.02]
1 study · 120 participants
Low

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Formocresol (FC)

Clinical failure · Children with extensive decay involving the dental pulp in primary teeth

Calcium hydroxide (CH) may leads to higher clinical failure compared with formocresol (FC) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
24 months
RR 3.83 [1.68, 8.74]
1 study · 120 participants
Low
Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months
RR 1.87 [1.22, 2.89]
6 studies · 332 participants
Moderate

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Ferric sulphate (FS)

Radiological failure · Children with extensive decay involving the dental pulp in primary teeth

Calcium hydroxide (CH) showed no clear difference in radiological failure compared with ferric sulphate (FS) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months
RR 1.28 [0.53, 3.13]
2 studies · 122 participants
Low

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Ferric sulphate (FS)

Clinical failure · Children with extensive decay involving the dental pulp in primary teeth

Calcium hydroxide (CH) showed no clear difference in clinical failure compared with ferric sulphate (FS) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months
RR 3.41 [0.37, 31.61]
2 studies · 122 participants
Low

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Portland cement (PC)

Clinical failure · Children with extensive decay involving the dental pulp in primary teeth

Calcium hydroxide (CH) showed no clear difference in clinical failure compared with portland cement (PC); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 and 24 months
RR 13.00 [0.80, 212.02]
1 study · 30 participants
GRADE not reported

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) + sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)

Clinical failure · Children with extensive decay involving the dental pulp in primary teeth

Calcium hydroxide (CH) showed no clear difference in clinical failure compared with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) + sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months
RR 3.00 [0.13, 70.92]
1 study · 62 participants
GRADE not reported

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Portland cement (PC)

Radiological failure · Children with extensive decay involving the dental pulp in primary teeth

Calcium hydroxide (CH) led to higher radiological failure compared with portland cement (PC); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months
RR 17.00 [1.07, 270.41]
1 study · 30 participants
GRADE not reported

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE)

Clinical failure · Children with extensive decay involving the dental pulp in primary teeth

Calcium hydroxide (CH) showed no clear difference in clinical failure compared with zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months
RR 9.00 [0.52, 156.92]
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) + sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)

Radiological failure · Children with extensive decay involving the dental pulp in primary teeth

Calcium hydroxide (CH) led to higher radiological failure compared with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) + sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months
RR 8.00 [1.06, 60.21]
1 study · 62 participants
GRADE not reported

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE)

Radiological failure · Children with extensive decay involving the dental pulp in primary teeth

Calcium hydroxide (CH) showed no clear difference in radiological failure compared with zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
6 months
RR 2.50 [0.50, 12.50]
2 studies · 110 participants
Low

Calcium channel blockers vs no intervention

Improvement in vertigo severity · people with vestibular migraine

It is very uncertain whether calcium channel blockers changes improvement in vertigo severity compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.45 [1.01, 2.07]
1 study · 48 participants
Very low

Calcium channel blockers vs no intervention

Improvement in vertigo frequency · people with vestibular migraine

It is very uncertain whether calcium channel blockers changes improvement in vertigo frequency compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.65 [0.8, 3.41]
1 study · 23 participants
Very low

Calcium channel blockers vs no intervention

Change in vertigo frequency · people with vestibular migraine

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 23 participants
Very low

Calcium channel blockers vs no intervention

Serious adverse events · people with vestibular migraine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Calcium channel blockers vs placebo/no treatment

Death · kidney transplant recipients

Calcium channel blockers showed no clear difference in death compared with placebo/no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihypertensive treatment for kidney transplant recipients 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.82 [0.37, 1.82]
12 studies · 792 participants
Low

Calcium channel blockers vs placebo/no treatment

Graft loss · kidney transplant recipients

Calcium channel blockers may leads to lower graft loss compared with placebo/no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihypertensive treatment for kidney transplant recipients 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.57, 0.99]
17 studies · 1255 participants
Low