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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

888 questions · 936 findings · 109 reviews

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No studies found 196 · 20.9%GRADE not reported 88 · 9.4%Very low 226 · 24.1%Low 217 · 23.2%Moderate 152 · 16.2%High 57 · 6.1%

Prophylactic intravenous antibiotics administered before cesarean incision vs after neonatal umbilical cord clamping

Admission to neonatal intensive care unit · women undergoing caesarean section

Prophylactic intravenous antibiotics administered before cesarean… showed no clear difference in neonatal ICU admission compared with after neonatal umbilical cord clamping (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotics without surgical intervention (with or without analgesics) vs Matched placebo without surgical intervention (with or without analgesics)

Outcome not reported · Adults with symptomatic apical periodontitis or acute apical abscess

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative antibiotics vs placebo

Occurrence of postoperative infection - 4 weeks · People requiring retreatment of periapical lesions (failed root canal therapy)

It is very uncertain whether preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis changes occurrence of postoperative infection - 4 weeks compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs mechanical bowel preparation alone

Surgical site infection · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… probably leads to lower SSI compared with mechanical bowel preparation alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs no bowel preparation

Surgical site infection · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in surgical site infections compared with no bowel preparation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs no bowel preparation

Anastomotic leakage · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in anastomotic leakage compared with no bowel preparation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs no bowel preparation

All‐cause mortality · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in mortality compared with no bowel preparation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs no bowel preparation

Postoperative ileus · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in incidence of postoperative ileus compared with no bowel preparation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs mechanical bowel preparation alone

Anastomotic leakage · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… probably leads to lower anastomotic leakage compared with mechanical bowel preparation alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs mechanical bowel preparation alone

All‐cause mortality · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in mortality compared with mechanical bowel preparation alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation vs mechanical bowel preparation alone

Postoperative ileus · Patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery

Summary of findings table ‐ Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic… showed no clear difference in incidence of postoperative ileus compared with mechanical bowel preparation alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Clarithromycin vs no treatment

Oral mucositis (moderate to severe) · Patients with cancer receiving radiotherapy, chemotherapy or targeted therapies

Systemic antibiotic (clarithromycin) showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (moderate to severe) compared with no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Glycerrhetinic acid/antibiotic mixture vs Calcium hydroxide (CH)

Clinical success (survival free of symptoms) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures
1 finding from 1 review
  • Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
    24 months
    Shovelton 1971 (Analysis 1.1): 275 teeth followed for 2 years (235 at 6 months, 160 at 12 months, 85 analysed at 24 months). Success rates 50% to 80%. Ledermix and calcium hydroxide had the highest success rates,…
    1 study · 275 participants
    GRADE not reported

Glycerrhetinic acid/antibiotic mixture vs Zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE)

Clinical success (survival free of symptoms) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures
1 finding from 1 review
  • Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
    24 months
    Shovelton 1971 (Analysis 1.1): 275 teeth followed for 2 years (235 at 6 months, 160 at 12 months, 85 analysed at 24 months). Success rates 50% to 80%. Ledermix and calcium hydroxide had the highest success rates,…
    1 study · 275 participants
    GRADE not reported

Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical steroid

Global outcome (good or excellent improvement in symptoms or signs, or both) · people with eczema

Topical steroid plus topical antibiotic showed no clear difference in global outcome (good or excellent improvement in symptoms or signs,… compared with topical steroid (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review