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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Every word you type has to appear somewhere in the question, and the closest matches are ranked first.
15,213 questions in 2,394 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Systemic antibiotics alone vs systematic antibiotics plus antibiotic lock solution Stenosis or thrombosis of vascular access site after catheter removal · patients on maintenance HD with CRBSI Interventions for treating catheter‐related bloodstream infections in people receiving maintenance… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Limb function at 6 or 12 months · adults with open long bone fractures; study in the review included only Gustilo II open tibia fractures Timing of antibiotic administration, wound debridement, and the stages of reconstructive surgery for open… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Timing of wound closure (immediate vs delayed) Unplanned operations at 12 months · adults with open long bone fractures of the upper and lower limbs Timing of antibiotic administration, wound debridement, and the stages of reconstructive surgery for open… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Timing of wound closure (immediate vs delayed) Return to work by 12 months · adults with open long bone fractures of the upper and lower limbs Timing of antibiotic administration, wound debridement, and the stages of reconstructive surgery for open… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR HRQoL at 6 or 12 months · adults with open long bone fractures; study in the review included only Gustilo II open tibia fractures Timing of antibiotic administration, wound debridement, and the stages of reconstructive surgery for open… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Deep surgical site infection at 30 days or 90 days, or time points reported by study authors · adults with open long bone fractures; study in the review included only Gustilo II open tibia fractures Timing of antibiotic administration, wound debridement, and the stages of reconstructive surgery for open… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Delayed or non‐union at time points reported by study authors · adults with open long bone fractures; study in the review included only Gustilo II open tibia fractures Timing of antibiotic administration, wound debridement, and the stages of reconstructive surgery for open… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Unplanned operations at 12 months · adults with open long bone fractures; study in the review included only Gustilo II open tibia fractures Timing of antibiotic administration, wound debridement, and the stages of reconstructive surgery for open… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Return to work by 12 months · adults with open long bone fractures; study in the review included only Gustilo II open tibia fractures Timing of antibiotic administration, wound debridement, and the stages of reconstructive surgery for open… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Timing of wound closure (immediate vs delayed) Limb function at 6 or 12 months · adults with open long bone fractures of the upper and lower limbs Timing of antibiotic administration, wound debridement, and the stages of reconstructive surgery for open… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Timing of wound closure (immediate vs delayed) HRQoL at 6 or 12 months · adults with open long bone fractures of the upper and lower limbs Timing of antibiotic administration, wound debridement, and the stages of reconstructive surgery for open… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Outcomes ( · health professionals from the USA and participants (“healthy volunteers from the Biobank cohort”) from the UK Effects of a gluten‐reduced or gluten‐free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR All‐cause mortality · healthy normal weighted participants recruited through leaflets from Italy Effects of a gluten‐reduced or gluten‐free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Non‐fatal MI · healthy normal weighted participants recruited through leaflets from Italy Effects of a gluten‐reduced or gluten‐free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Stroke · healthy normal weighted participants recruited through leaflets from Italy Effects of a gluten‐reduced or gluten‐free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Peripheral artery disease · healthy normal weighted participants recruited through leaflets from Italy Effects of a gluten‐reduced or gluten‐free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Type 2 diabetes · healthy normal weighted participants recruited through leaflets from Italy Effects of a gluten‐reduced or gluten‐free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Stroke · health professionals from the USA and participants (“healthy volunteers from the Biobank cohort”) from the UK Effects of a gluten‐reduced or gluten‐free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Peripheral artery disease · health professionals from the USA and participants (“healthy volunteers from the Biobank cohort”) from the UK Effects of a gluten‐reduced or gluten‐free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Systolic blood pressure · health professionals from the USA and participants (“healthy volunteers from the Biobank cohort”) from the UK Effects of a gluten‐reduced or gluten‐free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Cardiovascular mortality · healthy normal weighted participants recruited through leaflets from Italy Effects of a gluten‐reduced or gluten‐free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
D‐mannose (2 g) vs nitrofurantoin (50 mg) Asymptomatic bacteriuria · women with acute cystitis or history of recurrent acute cystitis (preventing and treating) D‐mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
D‐mannose (2 g) vs nitrofurantoin (50 mg) Changes to previous treatment regimen · women with acute cystitis or history of recurrent acute cystitis (preventing and treating) D‐mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
D‐mannose (2 g) vs nitrofurantoin (50 mg) Pain · women with acute cystitis or history of recurrent acute cystitis (preventing and treating) D‐mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
D‐mannose (2 g) vs nitrofurantoin (50 mg) Cure/complete remission · women with acute cystitis or history of recurrent acute cystitis (preventing and treating) D‐mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
D‐mannose (2 g) vs no treatment Symptomatic‐only UTI · women with acute cystitis or history of recurrent acute cystitis (preventing and treating) D‐mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
D‐mannose (2 g) vs no treatment Asymptomatic bacteriuria · women with acute cystitis or history of recurrent acute cystitis (preventing and treating) D‐mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
D‐mannose (2 g) vs no treatment Changes to previous treatment regimen · women with acute cystitis or history of recurrent acute cystitis (preventing and treating) D‐mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
D‐mannose (2 g) vs no treatment Pain · women with acute cystitis or history of recurrent acute cystitis (preventing and treating) D‐mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
D‐mannose (2 g) vs no treatment Cure/complete remission · women with acute cystitis or history of recurrent acute cystitis (preventing and treating) D‐mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
D‐mannose (2 g) vs nitrofurantoin (50 mg) Symptomatic only UTI · women with acute cystitis or history of recurrent acute cystitis (preventing and treating) D‐mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Open reduction vs closed reduction position Functional outcome · children with displaced supracondylar elbow fractures Interventions for treating supracondylar elbow fractures in children (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Open reduction vs closed reduction position Treatment failure requiring re‐intervention · children with displaced supracondylar elbow fractures Interventions for treating supracondylar elbow fractures in children (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Open reduction vs closed reduction position Cosmetic deformity Measured as the presence of cubitus varus · children with displaced supracondylar elbow fractures Interventions for treating supracondylar elbow fractures in children (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surgical fixation vs non‐surgical immobilisation Functional outcome · children with displaced fractures Interventions for treating supracondylar elbow fractures in children (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short‐acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists vs placebo Number of exacerbations  · children and adults with cystic fibrosis Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short‐acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists vs placebo Participant‐reported symptom score  · children and adults with cystic fibrosis Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short‐acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists vs placebo Change from baseline in FVC (% predicted) Â · children and adults with cystic fibrosis Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short‐acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists vs placebo Sputum volume (mL) Â · children and adults with cystic fibrosis Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short‐acting inhaled beta‐2 agonists vs short‐acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists Change from baseline in FEV1 (% predicted) Â · children and adults with cystic fibrosis Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short‐acting inhaled beta‐2 agonists vs short‐acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists Quality of life  · children and adults with cystic fibrosis Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short‐acting inhaled beta‐2 agonists vs short‐acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists Number of exacerbations  · children and adults with cystic fibrosis Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short‐acting inhaled beta‐2 agonists vs short‐acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists Participant‐reported symptom score  · children and adults with cystic fibrosis Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short‐acting inhaled beta‐2 agonists vs placebo Quality of life  · children and adults with cystic fibrosis Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short‐acting inhaled beta‐2 agonists vs short‐acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists Change from baseline in FVC (% predicted) Â · children and adults with cystic fibrosis Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short‐acting inhaled beta‐2 agonists vs short‐acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists Sputum volume (mL) Â · children and adults with cystic fibrosis Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Short‐acting inhaled muscarinic antagonists vs placebo Quality of life  · children and adults with cystic fibrosis Short‐acting inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Heparin started before vs after the surgical procedure PE · people undergoing bariatric surgery Pharmacological interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in people undergoing bariatric surgery (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Heparin started before vs after the surgical procedure Adverse events (thrombocytopenia) · people undergoing bariatric surgery Pharmacological interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in people undergoing bariatric surgery (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Combined mechanical and pharmacological prophylaxis vs mechanical prophylaxis alone PE · people undergoing bariatric surgery Pharmacological interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in people undergoing bariatric surgery (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |