Gap finder

Search review questions

Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

Limit to evidence status or GRADE (optional)

293 questions in 51 reviews · ENT

current versions
No studies 293 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

QuestionEffectEvidenceStatus / GRADE
Intervention NR
Psychoacoustic parameters · adults over 18 years with tinnitus
Zinc supplementation for tinnitus (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Adherence · adults with hearing loss who use hearing aids
Interventions to improve hearing aid use in adult auditory rehabilitation (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Quality of life · adults with hearing loss who use hearing aids
Interventions to improve hearing aid use in adult auditory rehabilitation (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Adverse effects · adults with hearing loss who use hearing aids
Interventions to improve hearing aid use in adult auditory rehabilitation (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Daily hours of hearing aid use · adults with hearing loss who use hearing aids
Interventions to improve hearing aid use in adult auditory rehabilitation (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Adverse effects · adults with hearing loss who use hearing aids
Interventions to improve hearing aid use in adult auditory rehabilitation (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Hearing aid benefit · adults with hearing loss who use hearing aids
Interventions to improve hearing aid use in adult auditory rehabilitation (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Betahistine vs placebo
Benefits · patients with symptoms of vertigo
Betahistine for symptoms of vertigo (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Betahistine vs placebo
Harms · patients with symptoms of vertigo
Betahistine for symptoms of vertigo (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Minimally invasive surgery vs radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy
Overall survival · patients with small‐volume primary oropharyngeal carcinoma
Minimally invasive surgery versus radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy for small‐volume primary oropharyngeal… (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Minimally invasive surgery vs radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy
Locoregional control · patients with small‐volume primary oropharyngeal carcinoma
Minimally invasive surgery versus radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy for small‐volume primary oropharyngeal… (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Minimally invasive surgery vs radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy
Progression‐free survival · patients with small‐volume primary oropharyngeal carcinoma
Minimally invasive surgery versus radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy for small‐volume primary oropharyngeal… (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Minimally invasive surgery vs radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy
Gastrostomy rate (at 1 year) · patients with small‐volume primary oropharyngeal carcinoma
Minimally invasive surgery versus radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy for small‐volume primary oropharyngeal… (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Minimally invasive surgery vs radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy
Tracheostomy rate · patients with small‐volume primary oropharyngeal carcinoma
Minimally invasive surgery versus radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy for small‐volume primary oropharyngeal… (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Minimally invasive surgery vs radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy
Swallowing function (MDADI) · patients with small‐volume primary oropharyngeal carcinoma
Minimally invasive surgery versus radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy for small‐volume primary oropharyngeal… (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Minimally invasive surgery vs radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy
Quality of life (EORTC QLQ‐C30 and H&N35) · patients with small‐volume primary oropharyngeal carcinoma
Minimally invasive surgery versus radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy for small‐volume primary oropharyngeal… (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Antibiotic eardrops (with or without a corticosteroid) vs oral antibiotics
Health‐related quality of life
Interventions for children with ear discharge occurring at least two weeks following grommet (ventilation… (2016) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Capsaicin vs placebo
Treatment‐related adverse events · non‐allergic rhinitis
Capsaicin for non‐allergic rhinitis (2015) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Capsaicin vs budesonide
Treatment‐related adverse events · patients with non‐allergic rhinitis
Capsaicin for non‐allergic rhinitis (2015) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Five capsaicin treatments in one day vs daily capsaicin treatment
Treatment‐related adverse events · patients with non‐allergic rhinitis
Capsaicin for non‐allergic rhinitis (2015) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Objective physiological measures
Surgical versus medical interventions for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Olfactory tests
Surgical versus medical interventions for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Primary outcome: improvement in symptoms (respiratory distress/dyspnoea) · 23 patients aged two years or older with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Photodynamic therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Primary outcome: improvement in symptoms (voice quality) · 23 patients aged two years or older with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Photodynamic therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Primary outcome: improvement in quality of life · 23 patients aged two years or older with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Photodynamic therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Primary outcome: recurrence‐free interval · 23 patients aged two years or older with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Photodynamic therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Reduction in mortality · 23 patients aged two years or older with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Photodynamic therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Reduction in number and/or frequency of surgical interventions and/or time until first relapse requiring surgery · 23 patients aged two years or older with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Photodynamic therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Intervention NR
Reduction in number and/or duration of hospital stay(s) · 23 patients aged two years or older with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Photodynamic therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Hearing aids vs sound generator
Generalised anxiety ‐ not measured · patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss
Amplification with hearing aids for patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Hearing aids vs sound generator
Generalised depression ‐ not measured · patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss
Amplification with hearing aids for patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Hearing aids vs sound generator
Quality of life ‐ not measured · patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss
Amplification with hearing aids for patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Hearing aids vs sound generator
Coping (style) ‐ not measured · patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss
Amplification with hearing aids for patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Hearing aids vs sound generator
Neurophysiology changes ‐ not measured · patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss
Amplification with hearing aids for patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Hearing aids vs sound generator
Adverse events of hearing aid fitting and use ‐ not measured · patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss
Amplification with hearing aids for patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss (2014) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Summary of findings: oral steroids plus antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic
OME resolution at long‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion
Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Summary of findings: oral steroids plus antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic
Symptoms · Children with otitis media with effusion
Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids vs control
Symptoms · Children with otitis media with effusion
Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids plus oral antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic
Hearing loss · Children with otitis media with effusion
Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids plus oral antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic
OME resolution at short‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion
Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Summary of findings: intranasal steroids plus oral antibiotic vs control plus antibiotic
OME resolution at long‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion
Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Summary of findings: oral steroids vs control
OME resolution at long‐term · Children with otitis media with effusion
Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Summary of findings: oral steroids vs control
Symptoms · Children with otitis media with effusion
Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children (2011) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies