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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
293 questions in 51 reviews · ENT
current versionsNo studies 293 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics alone Resolution of ear discharge after 4 weeks · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics alone Health‐related quality of life · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics with steroids vs placebo/no treatment Health‐related quality of life · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics with steroids vs topical antibiotics alone (same antibiotics) Resolution of ear discharge after 4 weeks · people (of any age) with chronic suppurative otitis media or ear discharge Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antiseptic vs no treatment Resolution of ear discharge (between 1 week and up to 2 weeks) ‐ not reported · chronic suppurative otitis media Topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antiseptic vs no treatment Health‐related quality of life ‐ not reported · chronic suppurative otitis media Topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antiseptic vs no treatment Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation ‐ not reported · chronic suppurative otitis media Topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antiseptic vs no treatment Serious complications ‐ not reported · chronic suppurative otitis media Topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics (quinolones) vs boric acid Quality of life ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics (quinolones) vs boric acid Serious complications ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics (quinolones) vs boric acid Suspected ototoxicity ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics (quinolones) vs povidone‐iodine Resolution of ear discharge (after 4 weeks) ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics (quinolones) vs povidone‐iodine Quality of life ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics (quinolones) vs povidone‐iodine Ear pain, discomfort, irritation ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics vs acetic acid Resolution of ear discharge (after 4 weeks) ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics (quinolones) vs povidone‐iodine Serious complications ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics vs acetic acid Quality of life ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics vs acetic acid Serious complications ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical antibiotics (quinolones) vs boric acid Resolution of ear discharge (after 4 weeks) ‐ not measured · chronic suppurative otitis media Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Aural toileting vs no aural toileting Resolution of ear discharge ‐ 1 to 2 weeks · children with chronic suppurative otitis media Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Daily aural toileting vs single aural toileting episode Health‐related quality of life · people (of any age) with otorrhoea for a duration of at least 6 weeks Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Daily aural toileting vs single aural toileting episode Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · people (of any age) with otorrhoea for a duration of at least 6 weeks Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Daily aural toileting vs single aural toileting episode Serious complications · people (of any age) with otorrhoea for a duration of at least 6 weeks Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Aural toileting vs no aural toileting Health‐related quality of life · children with chronic suppurative otitis media Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Aural toileting vs no aural toileting Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · children with chronic suppurative otitis media Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Aural toileting vs no aural toileting Hearing · children with chronic suppurative otitis media Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Aural toileting vs no aural toileting Adverse events: dizziness/vertigo/balance problems · children with chronic suppurative otitis media Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), any concentration, frequency or dosage vs No treatment, saline, or water Change in COVID-19 viral load in patients · Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection Antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays administered to patients with suspected or confirmed… (2020) · Cochrane | No data available (no included studies) | 0 studies | No studies |
Antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), any concentration, frequency or dosage vs No treatment, saline, or water RECOVERY trial outcomes (mortality; hospitalisation status; use of ventilation; use of renal dialysis or haemofiltration) · Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection · Minimum 2 weeks Antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays administered to patients with suspected or confirmed… (2020) · Cochrane | No data available (no included studies) | 0 studies | No studies |
Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to healthcare workers, with or without the same intervention given to the patients with COVID-19 vs No treatment or saline or water Other adverse events: allergy, irritation/burning of nasal, oral or oropharyngeal mucosa, long-term staining of mucous membranes or teeth, accidental ingestion · Healthcare workers (HCWs) treating patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection Use of antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays by healthcare workers to protect them when… (2020) · Cochrane | No data available (no included studies) | 0 studies | No studies |
Antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), any concentration, frequency or dosage vs No treatment, saline, or water Changes in microbiome in oral cavity, nasal cavity, oro- or nasopharynx · Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection Antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays administered to patients with suspected or confirmed… (2020) · Cochrane | No data available (no included studies) | 0 studies | No studies |
Any antimicrobial mouthwash and/or nasal spray (alone or in combination), at any concentration, delivered to the patient or HCW before and/or after an AGP vs No treatment or saline or water COVID-19 viral content of aerosol · Patients without suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs), and the… Antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays to protect healthcare workers when undertaking… (2020) · Cochrane | No data available (no included studies) | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Complications of surgery (haemorrhage and days with pain) · children with PFAPA Tonsillectomy for periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis syndrome (PFAPA) (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Absence or time off school · children with PFAPA Tonsillectomy for periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis syndrome (PFAPA) (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Quality of life · children with PFAPA Tonsillectomy for periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis syndrome (PFAPA) (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tranexamic acid vs other haemostatic agent Severity of re‐bleeding: proportion of patients requiring blood transfusion within 10 days · adults with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis) Tranexamic acid for patients with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis) (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tranexamic acid vs other haemostatic agent Adverse effects: serious or other · adults with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis) Tranexamic acid for patients with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis) (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tranexamic acid vs placebo plus usual care or usual care alone Adverse effects: serious or other · adults with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis) Tranexamic acid for patients with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis) (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sinonasal debridement vs no debridement Significant adverse effects: significant bleeding requiring intervention, severe pain, iatrogenic injury · adult patients who underwent primary endoscopic sinus surgery, with a diagnosis of recurrent acute or chronic… Sinonasal debridement versus no debridement for the postoperative care of patients undergoing endoscopic… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sinonasal debridement vs no debridement Rate of revision surgeries · adult patients who underwent primary endoscopic sinus surgery, with a diagnosis of recurrent acute or chronic… Sinonasal debridement versus no debridement for the postoperative care of patients undergoing endoscopic… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Local anaesthetic injection vs no treatment/placebo Pain intensity at 12 hours postoperatively ‐ not reported · septal surgery Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following septal surgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Local anaesthetic application via nasal packing vs no packing/packing with placebo Pain intensity at 48 hours postoperatively ‐ not reported · septal surgery Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following septal surgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Local anaesthetic application via nasal packing vs no packing/packing with placebo Duration of hospitalisation ‐ not reported · septal surgery Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following septal surgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Local anaesthetic application via nasal packing vs no packing/packing with placebo Adverse effect (postoperative vomiting) ‐ not reported · septal surgery Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following septal surgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Local anaesthetic application via nasal packing vs no packing/packing with placebo Adverse effect (postoperative bleeding) ‐ not reported · septal surgery Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following septal surgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sphenopalatine ganglion block vs no treatment/placebo Pain intensity at 12 hours postoperatively ‐ not reported · septal surgery Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following septal surgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sphenopalatine ganglion block vs no treatment/placebo Pain intensity at 24 hours postoperatively ‐ not reported · septal surgery Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following septal surgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sphenopalatine ganglion block vs no treatment/placebo Pain intensity at 48 hours postoperatively ‐ not reported · septal surgery Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following septal surgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sphenopalatine ganglion block vs no treatment/placebo Requirement for additional analgesia · septal surgery Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following septal surgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sphenopalatine ganglion block vs no treatment/placebo Duration of hospitalisation ‐ not reported · septal surgery Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following septal surgery (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |