Gap finder
Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Every word you type has to appear somewhere in the question, and the closest matches are ranked first.
15,213 questions in 2,394 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Vapour ablation vs control Cost effectiveness · Participants suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction procedures for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
AeriSeal vs control Cost effectiveness end of · Participants suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction procedures for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Exercise vs control Adiposity ‐ not reported · pregnant women with gestational diabetes Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Exercise vs control Diabetes (type 1, type 2) ‐ not reported · pregnant women with gestational diabetes Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Exercise vs control Neurosensory disability · pregnant women with gestational diabetes Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Exercise vs control Development of type 2 diabetes ‐ not measured · pregnant women with gestational diabetes Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Exercise vs control Perineal trauma/tearing ‐ not measured · pregnant women with gestational diabetes Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Exercise vs control Postnatal depression ‐ not measured · pregnant women with gestational diabetes Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Exercise vs control Large‐for‐gestational age ‐ not reported · pregnant women with gestational diabetes Exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes for improving maternal and fetal outcomes (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Socioeconomic effects · people at risk for development of T2DM Dipeptidyl‐peptidase (DPP)‐4 inhibitors and glucagon‐like peptide (GLP)‐1 analogues for prevention or delay… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Health‐related quality of life · people at risk for development of T2DM Dipeptidyl‐peptidase (DPP)‐4 inhibitors and glucagon‐like peptide (GLP)‐1 analogues for prevention or delay… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Socioeconomic effects · people at risk for development of T2DM Dipeptidyl‐peptidase (DPP)‐4 inhibitors and glucagon‐like peptide (GLP)‐1 analogues for prevention or delay… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Standard irrigation vs pulsatile irrigation Adverse events: abscess formation · participants undergoing clean, clean‐contaminated, contaminated or dirty surgical procedures Intracavity lavage and wound irrigation for prevention of surgical site infection (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Pancreaticojejunostomy vs pancreatogastrostomy after pancreatoduodectomy Cost analysis · adults undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (mainly for pancreatic cancer) Pancreaticojejunostomy versus pancreaticogastrostomy reconstruction for the prevention of postoperative… (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Multimedia training vs control versus usual care Other outcomes · adults and children with asthma Interventions to improve inhaler technique for people with asthma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Feedback device vs control versus usual care Other outcomes · adults and children with asthma Interventions to improve inhaler technique for people with asthma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Enhanced education vs control versus usual care Other outcomes · adults and children with asthma Interventions to improve inhaler technique for people with asthma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hand‐assisted laparoscopic repair vs EVAR Long‐term complications (12 months or longer if reported) · People undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair Laparoscopic surgery for elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hand‐assisted laparoscopic repair vs EVAR All‐cause mortality/survival (> 30 days) · People undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair Laparoscopic surgery for elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hand‐assisted laparoscopic repair vs EVAR Length of ICU stay (days) · People undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair Laparoscopic surgery for elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Shared decision‐making vs usual care Parent/patient satisfaction · adults and children with asthma Shared decision‐making for people with asthma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Shared decision‐making vs usual care Adverse events (all) · adults and children with asthma Shared decision‐making for people with asthma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse events · adolescents with asthma Lay‐led and peer support interventions for adolescents with asthma (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation vs sham treatment Cost‐effectiveness · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation vs pelvic floor muscle training Cost‐effectiveness · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation vs vaginal cones Cost‐effectiveness · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation vs PFMT plus vaginal cones Incontinence‐specific quality of life · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation vs PFMT plus vaginal cones Adverse effects · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation vs PFMT plus vaginal cones Cost‐effectiveness · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation vs drug therapy Cure: number of women with self‐reported continence · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation vs drug therapy Incontinence‐specific quality of life · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation vs drug therapy Adverse effects · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation vs drug therapy Cost‐effectiveness · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation plus PFMT vs PFMT Cost‐effectiveness · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation plus surgery vs surgery Cost‐effectiveness · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surface ES vs intravaginal ES Cure: number of women with self‐reported continence · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surface ES vs intravaginal ES Improvement: number of women with self‐reported improvement in SUI (cured or improved) · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surface ES vs intravaginal ES Adverse effects · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Surface ES vs intravaginal ES Cost‐effectiveness · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low intensity ES plus PFMT vs maximal intensity ES plus PFMT Cure: number of women with self‐reported continence · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low intensity ES plus PFMT vs maximal intensity ES plus PFMT Incontinence‐specific quality of life · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low intensity ES plus PFMT vs maximal intensity ES plus PFMT Adverse effects ‐ not reported · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Electrical stimulation vs no active treatment Cost‐effectiveness · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low intensity ES plus PFMT vs maximal intensity ES plus PFMT Cost‐effectiveness ‐ not reported · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Conventional ES plus PFMT vs dynamic ES plus PFMT Cure: number of women with self‐reported continence · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Conventional ES plus PFMT vs dynamic ES plus PFMT Adverse effects ‐ not reported · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Conventional ES plus PFMT vs dynamic ES plus PFMT Cost‐effectiveness ‐ not reported · women with stress urinary incontinence Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clonidine vs placebo aOne study and few events · neonates receiving mechanical ventilation Clonidine for sedation and analgesia for neonates receiving mechanical ventilation (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Drug‐eluting stents vs bare‐metal stents Quality of life at maximum · People with acute coronary syndrome Drug‐eluting stents versus bare‐metal stents for acute coronary syndrome (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Drug‐eluting stents vs bare‐metal stents Angina at maximum · People with acute coronary syndrome Drug‐eluting stents versus bare‐metal stents for acute coronary syndrome (2017) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |