What do systematic reviews say?

Malaria rapid diagnostic test (mRDT) vs clinical diagnosis

• Adding rapid diagnostic tests to community‐based programmes for treating malaria 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7678 participants
  Very low

Rapid susceptibility methods vs standard methods versus placebo

Rapid susceptibility methods showed no clear difference in mortality compared with standard methods versus placebo (low certainty).

• Rapid versus standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing to guide treatment of bloodstream infection 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.1 [0.82, 1.46]
  6 studies · 1638 participants
  Low

A single dose of deworming drugs vs placebo

• Public health deworming programmes for soil‐transmitted helminths in children living in endemic areas 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Resistance testing vs no resistance testing

Resistance testing showed no clear difference in mortality compared with no resistance testing (moderate certainty).

• Antiretroviral resistance testing in HIV‐positive people 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.89 [0.36, 2.22]
  5 studies · 1140 participants
  Moderate

Ribavirin vs no ribavirin

It is very uncertain whether ribavirin changes mortality compared with no ribavirin (very low certainty).

• Ribavirin for treating Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.13 [0.29, 4.32]
  1 study · 136 participants
  Very low

Multiple micronutrients vs placebo

Multiple micronutrients showed no clear difference in mortality compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Micronutrient supplementation in adults with HIV infection 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.72, 1.15]
  7 studies · 2897 participants
  Low

Vitamin D vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes mortality compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Micronutrient supplementation in adults with HIV infection 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.15 [0.65, 2.02]
  1 study · 131 participants
  Very low

Zinc vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether zinc changes mortality compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Micronutrient supplementation in adults with HIV infection 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.24 [0.53, 2.86]
  3 studies · 433 participants
  Very low

Selenium vs placebo

• Micronutrient supplementation in adults with HIV infection 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Vitamin A vs placebo

• Micronutrient supplementation in adults with HIV infection 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality (moderate certainty).

• Efavirenz or nevirapine in three‐drug combination therapy with two nucleoside or nucleotide‐reverse transcriptase… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.84 [0.59, 1.19]
  8 studies · 2317 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality (low certainty).

• Antihelminthics in helminth‐endemic areas: effects on HIV disease progression 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.77 [0.52, 1.14]
  5 studies · 1627 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality (low certainty).

• Drugs for preventing malaria in pregnant women in endemic areas: any drug regimen versus placebo or no treatment 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.62 [0.37, 1.05]
  2 studies · 2156 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes neonatal mortality (very low certainty).

• Drugs for preventing malaria in pregnant women in endemic areas: any drug regimen versus placebo or no treatment 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.46 [0.9, 2.38]
  1 study · 2017 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality (moderate certainty).

• Drugs for preventing malaria in pregnant women in endemic areas: any drug regimen versus placebo or no treatment 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.71, 1.16]
  5 studies · 6313 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality (low certainty).

• Drugs for preventing malaria in pregnant women in endemic areas: any drug regimen versus placebo or no treatment 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.62 [0.37, 1.05]
  2 studies · 2156 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Intermittent preventive treatment regimens for malaria in HIV‐positive pregnant women 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes neonatal mortality (very low certainty).

• Intermittent preventive treatment regimens for malaria in HIV‐positive pregnant women 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.29 [0.08, 1.05]
  1 study · 253 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (low certainty).

• Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Risk ratio 0.17 [0.01, 4.06]
  1 study · 147 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (moderate certainty).

• Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Risk ratio 0.83 [0.36, 1.89]
  1 study · 676 participants
  Moderate