Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,918 questions · 5,537 findings · 1,803 reviews

No studies found 1,309 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 440 · 7.9%Very low 1,560 · 28.2%Low 1,292 · 23.3%Moderate 751 · 13.6%High 185 · 3.3%

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Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors

Minor adverse events · erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea

It is very uncertain whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) changes minor adverse events compared with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Major adverse events · for effects on cramps, people (other than pregnant women) with muscle cramps (largely older adults); for adverse events, all populations

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes major adverse events (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Minor adverse events · for effects on cramps, people (other than pregnant women) with muscle cramps (largely older adults); for adverse events, all populations

The intervention showed no clear difference in minor adverse events (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Convective radiofrequency water vapour thermal therapy vs sham

Major adverse events · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia

It is very uncertain whether convective radiofrequency water vapour thermal therapy changes major adverse events compared with sham procedure (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review