Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,918 questions · 5,537 findings · 1,803 reviews

No studies found 1,309 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 440 · 7.9%Very low 1,560 · 28.2%Low 1,292 · 23.3%Moderate 751 · 13.6%High 185 · 3.3%

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Intervention not reported

Withdrawal of methylphenidate due to adverse events of unknown severity Measured by: proportion of participants withdrawn from treatment Average study duration (range): 4.6 months (21 days to 36 months) · children and adolescents aged 18 years and under diagnosed with ADHD
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Major adverse events** ‒short‐term (> 2 weeks but ≤ 3 months) Major adverse events provided as the proportion of patients reporting any untoward medical occurrence after an epidural injection with hospitalizations. · lumbosacral radicular pain
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Minor adverse events** ‒short‐term (> 2 weeks but ≤ 3 months) Minor adverse events provided as the proportion of patients reporting any untoward medical occurrence after an epidural injection without hospitalisations. · lumbosacral radicular pain

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes minor adverse events** ‒short‐term (> 2 weeks but ≤ 3 months) Minor… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Photobiomodulation treatment vs no treatment/sham

Adverse events: AMD progression at 12 months Defined as increased drusen volume or onset of advanced AMD. Conversion to exudative AMD at 12 months Assessed by clinical examination and retinal optical coherence tomography. · people with non‐exudative AMD (AREDS 2 to 4)

Photobiomodulation treatment showed no clear difference in adverse events: AMD progression at 12 months Defined as increased… compared with sham or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Withdrawal of methylphenidate due to serious adverse events (non‐comparative cohort studies) Measured by: proportion of participants withdrawn from treatment Average study duration (range): 7.9 months (1 month to 37 months) · children and adolescents aged 18 years and under diagnosed with ADHD
1 finding from 1 review

Application of heat vs application of cold

Adverse events due to treatment Minor adverse events, reported in studies as: exacerbation in pain after treatment; burn as a result of hot‐water immersion, or transient erythema, or adverse effects due to application of ice · people stung accidentally by bluebottle jellyfish (Physalia) and box jellyfish that do not cause Irukandji syndrome (Hawaiian box…

It is very uncertain whether application of heat changes adverse events due to treatment Minor adverse events, reported in… compared with application of cold (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Conventional occlusion vs atropine penalization

Adverse events (reported occurrence of: mild reduction in the visual acuity of the sound eye not requiring treatment; light sensitivity; skin, lid, or conjunctival irritation) Assessed at different time points (17 weeks or 2 years). · Participants of any age with either unilateral strabismic, anisometropic, or mixed (strabismic‐refractive) amblyopia; deprivation…
1 finding from 1 review

Perineural vs intravenous dexamethasone

Incidence of serious adverse events (we used the NIH definition of adverse events. A serious event includes death, a life‐threatening event that requires hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization, disability or congenital anomaly) · peripheral nerve block

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Perineural dexamethasone vs placebo

Incidence of serious adverse events (we used the NIH definition of adverse events. A serious event includes death, a life‐threatening event that requires hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization, disability or congenital anomaly) · participants undergoing surgery with peripheral nerve block
1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous dexamethasone vs placebo

Incidence of serious adverse events (we used the NIH definition of adverse events. A serious event includes death, a life‐threatening event that requires hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization, disability or congenital anomaly) · participants undergoing surgery with peripheral nerve block

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ibuprofen vs paracetamol

Serious adverse events, defined as any medical event at any dose that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation (or prolongation of existing hospitalisation) or results in permanent damage or disability (FDA 2016) · children with acute postoperative pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ibuprofen vs morphine

Serious adverse events, defined as any medical event at any dose that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation (or prolongation of existing hospitalisation) or results in permanent damage or disability (FDA 2016) · children with acute postoperative pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ibuprofen vs ketorolac

Serious adverse events, defined as any medical event at any dose that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation (or prolongation of existing hospitalisation) or results in permanent damage or disability (FDA 2016) · children with acute postoperative pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ibuprofen vs placebo

Serious adverse events, defined as any medical event at any dose that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation (or prolongation of existing hospitalisation) or results in permanent damage or disability (FDA 2016) · children with acute postoperative pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Schema therapy vs usual care

Adverse events Assessed by: number of participants with a global negative outcome (e.g. dropping out of therapy, recidivism or being transferred to another facility due to poor treatment response) overall Timing of assessment: over the 3 years · adults with antisocial personality disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Retrograde intramedullary nail (RIMN) vs locking plate

Direct adverse events (reoperation): we report reoperation for removal of implant as this is the most clinically relevant. Other adverse events with data included: loss of fixation, superficial infection, deep infection, haematoma formation, impla... · adults with fractures of the distal femur

It is very uncertain whether retrograde intramedullary nail (RIMN) changes direct adverse events (reoperation): we report reoperation for… compared with locking plate (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Certolizumab pegol vs placebo

Any severe adverse event during maintenance treatment · people with Crohn's disease who responded to CZP remission‐induction treatment

Certolizumab pegol showed no clear difference in serious adverse events during remission maintenance treatment(1 RCT,… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early intervention (mobilization or active exercise) vs usual care

Adverse events Proportion of participants with one or more events, or proportion of intervention sessions where an event occurred (falls, accidental dislodgement of attachments, haemodynamic instability, oxygen desaturation or any other adverse ev... · critically ill, mechanically ventilated adults
1 finding from 1 review