Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,918 questions · 5,537 findings · 1,803 reviews

No studies found 1,309 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 440 · 7.9%Very low 1,560 · 28.2%Low 1,292 · 23.3%Moderate 751 · 13.6%High 185 · 3.3%

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Intervention not reported

Adverse events ‐ Ectopic pregnancy Melatonin lower dose versus melatonin higher dose№ of participants: 120(1 RCT) · women with subfertility
1 finding from 1 review

Calcineurin inhibitor vs IV cyclophosphamide

Adverse events: treatment failure (non response, serious infection, persistently elevated creatinine) at 6 months · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

Calcineurin inhibitor probably leads to lower adverse events: treatment failure at 6 months (non response, serious… compared with IV cyclophosphamide (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bortezomib vs no bortezomib

Adverse Events: Infections (All) ‐ Bortezomib versus no bortezomib (different background therapy or other agents) · All patients with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma

Bortezomib may leads to higher adverse Events: Infections (All) ‐ Bortezomib versus no bortezomib… compared with no bortezomib (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

P‐3051 (ciclopirox 8% hydrolacquer) vs comparators

Adverse events (collected over the course of the studies; they are not measured/reported for specific time points) · People with fungal infections of the toenails

P‐3051 (ciclopirox 8% hydrolacquer) showed no clear difference in adverse events (collected over the course of the studies; they are… compared with comparators (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nd:YAG laser vs no treatment/sham

Adverse events (collected over the course of the studies; they are not measured/reported for specific time points) · People with fungal infections of the toenails

It is very uncertain whether 1064‐nm Nd:YAG laser changes adverse events (collected over the course of the studies; they are… compared with no treatment or sham treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Luliconazole 5% solution vs vehicle

Adverse events (collected over the course of the studies; they are not measured/reported for specific time points) · People with fungal infections of the toenails

Luliconazole 5% solution showed no clear difference in adverse events (collected over the course of the studies; they are… compared with vehicle (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Efinaconazole 10% solution vs vehicle

Adverse events (collected over the course of the studies; they are not measured/reported for specific time points) · People with fungal infections of the toenails

Efinaconazole 10% solution leads to higher adverse events (collected over the course of the studies; they are… compared with vehicle (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bortezomib vs no bortezomib

Adverse Events: Cardiac Disorders ‐ Bortezomib versus no bortezomib (different background therapy or other agents) · All patients with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma

Bortezomib leads to higher adverse Events: Cardiac Disorders ‐ Bortezomib versus no bortezomib… compared with no bortezomib (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive brain stimulation vs usual care with or without sham interventions

Adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g. dysuria, neck pain, eye discomfort) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

Non‐invasive brain stimulation showed no clear difference in adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g. dysuria,… compared with sham non‐invasive brain stimulation and/or usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sugammadex 4.0 mg/kg vs neostigmine (any dose)

Risk of adverse events and serious adverse eventsb, bradycardia, PONV, and signs of residual neuromuscular blockade · Adult patients, ASA I‐IV, who received non‐depolarizing NMBAs

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Microinvasive techniques (resin infiltration, resin/GIC sealant, or glass ionomer varnish) vs Non-invasive measures (fluoride varnish/toothpaste, flossing, oral hygiene instruction, sham/standard of care)

Adverse events and periodontal/secondary outcomes (gingival bleeding, gingival bleeding index, visible plaque index) · Children and adults with non-cavitated proximal (interproximal) caries lesions in primary and/or permanent teeth (ages 3-45)

Only three trials reported secondary/adverse outcomes; no adverse events were attributed to microinvasive treatment and periodontal findings were mixed and not pooled (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Benzoyl peroxide vs placebo or no treatment

Total number of participants with any adverse events (long‐term data) Treatment duration: range 10 weeks to 12 weeks · participants with acne

It is very uncertain whether benzoyl peroxide changes total number of participants with any adverse events (long‐term… compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Benzoyl peroxide vs adapalene

Adverse event data · participants with acne

It is very uncertain whether benzoyl peroxide changes total number of participants with any adverse events (long‐term… compared with adapalene (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Benzoyl peroxide vs clindamycin

Total number of participants with any adverse events (long‐term data) Treatment duration: range 10 weeks to 12 weeks · participants with acne

Benzoyl peroxide showed no clear difference in total number of participants with any adverse events (long‐term… compared with clindamycin (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sugammadex 2.0 mg/kg vs neostigmine (any dose)

Risk of adverse events and serious adverse eventsb, bradycardia, PONV, and signs of residual neuromuscular blockade · Adult patients, ASA I‐IV, who received non‐depolarizing NMBAs

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Blue‐light filtering intraocular lenses (IOL) vs non blue‐light filtering IOL

Proportion of participants with adverse events with a probable causal link with the study interventions at six months · adults undergoing cataract surgery with IOL implantation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Patching vs active observation

Minor adverse events Defined as any adverse event within 8 weeks of surgery that does not require further intervention · people with intermittent exotropia, aged less than 11 years

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review